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Opposing Free Market Economy for Two Decades, CPIM Opts for Free Market Economy!After its recent poll debacle in West Bengal and Kerala, the Communist Party of India-Marxist is getting ready for an image makeover. In an effort to reach out to the com

2012-01-29T08:29:00.001-08:00

Opposing Free Market Economy for Two Decades, CPIM Opts for Free Market Economy!After its recent poll debacle in West Bengal and Kerala, the Communist Party of India-Marxist is getting ready for an image makeover. In an effort to reach out to the common man, the party will invite public opinion — for the first time — in deciding an ideological issue, and that too, using new media.Had the Marxist with their Trade Union Monopoly Resisted Neo Liberal Policies and Economic Reforms, there was NO chance for LPG Mafia to Rule India for Mass Destruction!

Need of the hour to expand CPI(M) base in other states: Prakash Karat

Indian Holocaust My Father`s Life and

Time - SEVEN HUNDRED NINETY SIX
Palash Biswas

http://indianliberationnews.com/

http://indianholocaustmyfatherslifeandtime.blogspot.com/

http://basantipurtimes.blogspot.com/

Opposing Free Market Economy for Two Decades, CPIM Opts for Free Market Economy!After its recent poll debacle in West Bengal and Kerala, the Communist Party of India-Marxist is getting ready for an image makeover. In an effort to reach out to the common man, the party will invite public opinion — for the first time — in deciding an ideological issue, and that too, using new media.

My father Late Pulin Babu , the refugee leader who fought for the Mulnivasi Bahujan lifelong, had been a Marxist and would warn me everytime, NEVER To Believe the Marxists! As they are so habitual to BETRAY! I never did agree! But ironically, we all realise the Truth.

Had the Marxist with their Trade Union Monopoly Resisted Neo Liberal Policies and Economic Reforms, there was NO chance for LPG Mafia to Rule India for Mass Destruction!

The party, after an ongoing four-day meeting of its central committee, is likely to come out with a final draft of its political and ideological resolutions by January 20. It may deal with issues like the kind of ideological model that should be pursued among countries practising Communism, including China and several Latin American countries. While the apex body, the politburo, met today, the central committee will hold a full session for the next three days at the state headquarters.

The CPM has finally bid farewell to its third front dream, two years after its experiment failed, leading to an intense internal churning. The focus will now be on forging a "Left and democratic" front, but interestingly that long-term goal would not stop the party from cooperating with regional parties on specific policy and other issues, and entering into state-level electoral understandings.

The ambitious idea of forging a third front — the party prefers to call it a third alternative — has been a feature of its political line for many years. The setback in the 2009 general elections, however, came as an eye-opener. The CPM had in the past also talked about a Left and democratic alternative but its attention was on forging a third front which has now been officially dumped.

The draft political resolution — to be adopted at the CPM's 20th Party Congress in April — says the party should "develop and maintain relations" with regional parties which are not with the Congress and the BJP, cooperate with them on an issue-to-issue basis, launch joint actions and forge "electoral understandings" with them as and when required.

But the "only real alternative to the bourgeois-landlord order" which is in place after two decades of economic liberalisation is the Left and democratic programme for which it has identified 12 "policies and demands". CPM general secretary Prakash Karat said the party would take the initiative to draw Left-minded groups to a broader Left platform. Besides, it would strive to bring about a greater Left unity.

According to the party, the public can also comment and participate in the discussion on the draft, as it would be uploaded on its website.

"This is for the first time that we are doing like this," says Mohammed Salim, a party politburo member from West Bengal. "Earlier, when we adopted such ideological resolutions in 1968 and for the last time in 1992 during the Chennai congress, only opinion from party members were invited. But in the changing phase, we are now open to concepts from the common man and net-savvy youth."

The draft resolutions would be tabled at the 20th party congress to be held at Kozhikode, Kerala from April 4-9. The draft would cover recent developments, including the poor show at elections in West Bengal and Kerala and the possibility of reviving third front.

More important, it will shape the CPM's ideological thinking in the coming days.

"Considering the recent economic and political developments across the world, an ideological change is needed," Salim said. After the central committee clearance, the draft resolutions would be circulated among all members and introduced in the party congress with amendments. While CPI(M) general secretary Prakash Karat was batting for following the neo-liberal thinking of countries like China and some Latin American countries, some leaders were against the move.

The CPI(M) political resolution says the third front experiment in 2009 general elections was a big fiasco and misadventure. Instead of being part of a third front, the party now wants to keep its option open for mobilising different non Congress and non BJP secular parties on common issues.

"There will be no intermediary layer like third alternative or third front. Many of the parties in the so-called Third Front have the same neo liberal vision as that of the Congress and BJP and it's not right for us to be part of such a front,'' said a senior leader.

The party feels that the third alternative could only evolve through common struggles and convergence of ideas on issues.

The party is for issue based struggle, understanding and floor coordination in the Parliament with non Congress and non BJP secular parties on common issues.

Karat's decision to forge a Left-led alternative during the 2009 Lok Sabha polls has been described as a "Parliamentary Opportunism," in the draft political resolution. The draft resolution will be adopted at the forthcoming Party Congress of CPI(M) to be held in Kozhikode in April. During the last CC meeting, held this month, sources said Mr Karat had deftly tried to push for a left led alternative to Congress and BJP.

The CPI-M today said the electoral reverses in West Bengal and Kerala have made it imperative to expand its influence in other parts of the country, focus on building Left unity and project a Left and democratic alternative to counter the Congress and the BJP.

"In the current situation when the Left has suffered serious electoral reverses, and when West Bengal, the strongest base of the party is under attack, it is of utmost importance to expand the influence and the base of the party in other states," CPI-M General Secretary Prakash Karat told a press conference here.

Releasing the draft political resolution for debate within the party two months ahead of the 20th Congress in April, he said the "central focus" now would be on strengthening the party and stepping up its independent role and activities.

Karat said the fact that CPI-M was contesting the assembly polls in Uttar Pradesh and Punjab independently pointed towards this political understanding the party has adopted now.

On the question of unity within the Left parties, Karat acknowledged differences between the CPI-M and the CPI on issues like Telangana or the problems of the erstwhile Left Front government in West Bengal.

While the CPI supports the formation of Telangana, the CPI-M does not. The CPI has been critical of the CPI-M in the running of the Left Front and its defeat at the hustings.

However, Karat made it clear that these have to be addressed in "a critical and fraternal manner so that it does not weaken the Left Front. The ferocious attack on the Left should be met with a collective resolve and by going to the people in a united way".

Asked about CPI General Secretary A B Bardhan's recent public criticism of CPI-M in the context of the Left defeat in West Bengal, he said, "There must be a balanced understanding. The Left Front ruled for 34 years, won seven consecutive assembly elections and achieved so much.

"That must be seen in perspective. There may be different views. We should discuss this in a constructive and fraternal manner within the Left Front."

Maintaining that there has to be greater emphasis on Left unity, he said there were a number of Left-minded groups and individuals outside Left parties "who should be brought together on issues which the Left advocates."

Noting that CPI(M) would "politically fight" the Congress and BJP which represented "the big bourgeois-landlord order that perpetuates class exploitation", Karat said the party would put forth a Left and democratic alternative through struggles on people's issues and projecting alternatives to the 'neo-liberal' policies pursued by the UPA-II government.

In this process, it could become necessary to "rally those non-Congress, non-BJP forces which can play a role in defence of democracy, national sovereignty, secularism, federalism and defence of the people's livelihood and rights," Karat said quoting the draft resolution.

The draft resolution, which would now be debated within all ranks of the CPI-M, deals in depth with the international developments.

On national developments, it deals with issues ranging from policies of liberalisation, price situation, corruption, land acquisition and agrarian situation to foreign policy, Maoist violence, communal and terrorist threats and the situation in Kashmir and the Northeast.

The draft would be finally adopted at the party congress to be held in Kozhikode from April 4-9.

Agartala: The Communist movement in India will not fall back despite attacks and conspiracies. Its fight against the social exploitation of Dalits, tribals, the poor and others would make it stronger, Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPI-M) general secretary Prakash Karat said here Sunday.

"During the freedom struggle, Communists had shown the way to the entire country. Over 450 Left partymen were killed, thousands made homeless, hundreds of party offices were destroyed in a few years in Bengal. But the Communists would not run away," Karat said.

The CPI-M general secretary while addressing a mammoth gathering here said: "Due to economic liberalism, crores of youths have remained jobless and unemployment is increasing everyday."

He said there are 55 men in India whose assets valued are over Rs.50,000 crores and 20 years ago, the number of such wealthy men was only nine.

"Since 1995, over 256,000 farmers have committed suicide. After the Left governance in Bengal and Kerala, farmers's suicides have again begun in these two states," Karat said.

In his 35-minute speech, the Communist leader said that the UPA government had been trying to grab the rights of the poor, depriving them of jobs and food.

Tripura chief minister and CPI-M politburo member Manik Sarkar, the party's central committee members Bijon Dhar and Aghore Debbarma also spoke at the gathering that was organised ahead of the CPI-M's four-day state conference which began Sunday.

Besides Karat, CPI-M politburo members Sitaram Yechury, Manik Sarkar and Brinda Karat are among the top Marxist leaders who would address the internal sessions of the conference which aims to make the party more pro-people and strong and to make the party cadres ideologically skilled.

'ভারতীয়' পথে এগোতে নতুন দলিল সিপিএমের
জয়ন্ত ঘোষাল • নয়াদিল্লি
এ বার 'পরিবর্তন' সিপিএম-এ।
এপ্রিলে পার্টি কংগ্রেসের মুখে একবিংশ শতাব্দীর দল হিসাবে নিজেদের মতাদর্শগত অবস্থানে অনেকটাই বদল আনতে চলেছেন সিপিএম শীর্ষ নেতৃত্ব। চলতি সময়ের সঙ্গে খাপ খাইয়ে একটি মতাদর্শগত দলিল তৈরি করছে সিপিএম। এমনকী সর্বস্তরের মতামত সংগ্রহের জন্য সেটির খসড়া সাধারণ মানুষের কাছেও প্রকাশ করে দেওয়া হবে। রাশিয়া-চিনের মডেল ছেড়ে সম্পূর্ণ ভারতীয় পথে সমাজতন্ত্রে উত্তরণের রাস্তা খোঁজা হয়েছে এই নতুন দলিলে। আর তা নিয়েই এখন দলের মধ্যে ঝড় উঠেছে।
এ বারের দলিলে মতাদর্শগত প্রশ্নে বেশ কিছু বড় মাপের পরিবর্তন আনছে সিপিএম। প্রথমত, প্রায় এক যুগ আগে মতাদর্শগত দলিলে বলা হয়েছিল, বহুদলীয় গণতান্ত্রিক ব্যবস্থার মধ্যেই সমাজতন্ত্রের বিকাশের পথে এগোতে হবে। নতুন দলিলে সেই 'এগোনো'র কাজকে দ্রুত রূপ দেওয়াই আশু লক্ষ্য হিসেবে বেছেছেন সিপিএম নেতৃত্ব। দ্বিতীয়ত আগে দলের লক্ষ্য ছিল, জনগণতান্ত্রিক বিপ্লবের মাধ্যমে শ্রমিক শ্রেণির একনায়কতন্ত্রকে কায়েম করা। সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়নে সমাজতন্ত্রের বিপর্যয়ের পর 'একনায়কতন্ত্র' শব্দটি দল বাদ দিয়েছিল। এ বার আরও স্পষ্ট ভাবে সাবেক রুশ এবং চিন দু'টি মডেলকেই বাতিল করে দিয়ে বলা হচ্ছে, 'গণতন্ত্র প্রতিষ্ঠা করাই সবথেকে বেশি জরুরি। সমাজতন্ত্রের সঙ্গে গণতন্ত্রের কোনও বিরোধ নেই'। 'সর্বহারার একনায়কতন্ত্রে' শুধু মাত্র 'সর্বহারা শ্রেণি'র হাতেই ক্ষমতার কথা বলা হয়। কিন্তু সিপিএম নেতৃত্বের বক্তব্য, ভারতের বাস্তব পরিস্থিতি সম্পূর্ণ আলাদা। এখানে একটা শ্রেণি নয়, নানা শ্রেণির মধ্যে সমন্বয় রক্ষা করে পুঁজিবাদী ব্যবস্থায় রাষ্ট্র পরিচালনা করতে হয়। তাই 'সর্বহারার একনায়কতন্ত্রে'র বিষয়টাকেই আপাতত মতাদর্শগত পথনির্দেশিকা থেকে বাদ দেওয়ার পথে এগোচ্ছেন সিপিএম নেতৃত্ব।

বাতিল হচ্ছে রাশিয়া-চিনের তত্ত্ব

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তিন

পরিবর্তন

• একদলীয় সমাজতান্ত্রিক ব্যবস্থার পরিবর্তে বহুদলীয়

গণতান্ত্রিক ব্যবস্থায় সমাজতন্ত্রকে রূপ দেওয়া।

• 'সর্বহারার একনায়কতন্ত্র' বাদ দিয়ে গণতন্ত্র প্রতিষ্ঠায় জোর।

• বাজার অর্থনীতিকে গ্রহণ করা, যেখানে সরকারি

ও বেসরকারি যৌথ উদ্যোগে কাজ হবে।

তৃতীয়ত, বাজার অর্থনীতিকে গ্রহণ করা। সমাজতন্ত্রে রাষ্ট্রীয় নিয়ন্ত্রণের কথাই বলা হয়। এখন সিপিএম বলছে, খোলাবাজার অর্থনীতির মধ্যেই যে হেতু দল কাজ করতে বাধ্য, তাই বাজারকে স্বীকার করে যৌথ উদ্যোগে এগোতে হবে। অর্থাৎ সরকারি-বেসরকারি যৌথ উদ্যোগে কাজ করতে হবে।
বলশেভিক বিপ্লবের পর সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়নে ব্যক্তিগত সম্পত্তির বিলোপ করে রাষ্ট্রীয় নিয়ন্ত্রণ আনা হয়েছিল। কিন্তু তাতেও এক নতুন ধরনের অভিজাত আমলাতন্ত্র গড়ে উঠেছিল। শ্রেণি বৈষম্য তো ঘোচেইনি, উল্টে সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়নই তাসের ঘরের মতো ভেঙে পড়েছিল। ১৯৬৪ সালে সিপিএম গঠনের সময় মতাদর্শগত বিতর্ক হয়েছিল বিশ্ব সমাজতন্ত্র নিয়ে। তখন চিন ও সোভিয়েত মডেল নিয়ে বিরাট বিতর্ক হয়। 'নতুন যুগে'র কথা ঘোষণা করে সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়ন ষাট সালের বিবৃতিতে বলেছিল যে, নভেম্বর বিপ্লবের মাধ্যমে 'ধনতন্ত্র থেকে সমাজতন্ত্রে শান্তিপূর্ণ উত্তরণ সম্ভব হচ্ছে'। কিন্তু চিনা কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি সোভিয়েতের এই তত্ত্ব মানতে রাজি ছিল না। এ নিয়ে দু'দেশের মধ্যে মতাদর্শগত বিরোধ তীব্র হয়। ভারতীয় কমিউনিস্ট পার্টির মধ্যেও একাংশ সোভিয়েতের তত্ত্ব মানতে রাজি ছিল না। আর চিন-সোভিয়েত সেই বিরোধের প্রেক্ষাপটেই ভারতেও কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি দু'টুকরো হয়।
এ বারের নয়া দলিল নিয়ে দলের মধ্যেই বিতর্ক শুরু হয়েছে। প্রশ্ন উঠেছে, সে দিন ক্রুশ্চেভের 'শান্তিপূর্ণ ভাবে সমাজতন্ত্রে উত্তরণের' পথকে সংশোধনবাদ বলা হয়েছিল। আর আজ নতুন মতাদর্শগত দলিলে যা বলা হচ্ছে, সেটার সঙ্গে ক্রুশ্চেভের সংশোধনবাদের ফারাক কোথায়? প্রশ্ন উঠেছে, সে দিন তোগলিয়াত্তির 'ইউরো কমিউনিজমকে' প্রতিক্রিয়াশীল তত্ত্ব বলা হলেও আজ যে সমাজতন্ত্রের মডেল তুলে ধরা হচ্ছে, সেটার সঙ্গে ইউরো কমিউনিজমের পার্থক্য কোথায়?
সিপিএম রুশ এবং চিন মডেল বাতিল করলেও সাম্প্রতিক কালে লাতিন আমেরিকার বিভিন্ন দেশের সমাজতান্ত্রিক সাফল্যকে অনুসরণ করতে আগ্রহী। কিন্তু ই এম এস নাম্বুদিরিপাদ ১৯৭৩ সালে কলকাতায় এক সেমিনারে বলেছিলেন, চিলি আর ভারতের সমাজতান্ত্রিক বিপ্লব এক রকম হতে পারে না। কারণ সামরিক পথে নয়, ভারতে এগোতে হবে গণতান্ত্রিক পথে।
সিপিএম সূত্র বলছে, সম্প্রতি চিনের দলীয় মহাঅধিবেশনে হু জিনতাও বারবার বলেছেন, চিন মার্ক্সবাদ অনুসরণ করতে চায়, কিন্তু চিনা বৈশিষ্ট্য নিয়ে। সিপিএমের মধ্যেও এ বার প্রবল ভাবে দাবি উঠেছে যে, আর আন্তর্জাতিক মডেল নয়, ভারতীয় বৈশিষ্টের ওপর দাঁড়িয়েই সমাজতান্ত্রিক পথে এগোনো দরকার। আর তাই কমিন্টার্নের শাখা 'ভারতের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি' থেকে এ বার 'ভারতীয় কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি' হয়ে ওঠার সময় এসেছে। কিন্তু এ নিয়েও দলের একাংশের মধ্যে সংশয় তৈরি হয়েছে। চিনা কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি যে ভাবে বলতে পারে, 'চিনা বৈশিষ্ট্য সহকারে মার্ক্সবাদ', ভারতে কি তা সম্ভব? কারণ ভারতে কমিউনিস্ট পার্টির নেতৃত্বের বিরুদ্ধে আগাগোড়াই অভিযোগ যে, তাঁরা কোনও দিন সে ভাবে ভারতীয় মননকে গুরুত্ব দেননি। এ কথা মাথায় রেখেই এখন ভারতীয় ভাবধারাকে আরও বেশি গুরুত্ব দেওয়ার পথে এগোচ্ছে দল। তাই এ বারের দলিলে শুধু শ্রেণি চেতনা নয়, অনেক বেশি গুরুত্ব দেওয়া হয়েছে প্রান্তিক সত্তার প্রশ্নটিকে। বিশ্বনাথ প্রতাপ সিংহ যখন 'মণ্ডল আন্দোলন' করেছিলেন, তখনও জাত নয়, শ্রেণি দৃষ্টিভঙ্গিকেই মূলধন করে এগোতে চেয়েছিল সিপিএম। কিন্তু এখন দলীয় নেতৃত্ব বুঝতে পারছেন, প্রান্তিক সত্তা বিষয়টি শুধু ব্যবহারিক ক্ষেত্রে নয়, মতাদর্শগত ক্ষেত্রেও বিশেষ ভাবে আলোচনার সময় এসেছে। দৃষ্টিভঙ্গির প্রশ্নে এই বিপুল পরিবর্তন কি মতাদর্শগত ক্ষেত্রে একশো আশি ডিগ্রি ঘুরে যাওয়া? সিপিএম নেতৃত্ব বলছেন, এটা মার্ক্সবাদের সংশোধন নয়, সময়ের সঙ্গে খাপ খাইয়ে নেওয়া। কিন্তু সর্বহারার একনায়কতন্ত্র-সহ নানা প্রশ্নে যে ভাবে একটি কমিউনিস্ট দলের তাত্ত্বিক সৌধকেই ভেঙে দেওয়া হচ্ছে, তাতে কি সম্পূর্ণ নতুন এক কমিউনিস্ট পার্টির জন্ম হয় না!

http://www.anandabazar.com/29desh1.html

Draft Political Resolution

Date:

28 January 2012

The resolution underlines the fact that the Left and democratic alternative is the only real alternative to the current bourgeois-landlord policies. In order to rally the different sections of the working people in support of the Left and democratic platform, the resolution sets out some of the major demands and policies of the Left and democratic platform.

Main Points of the

Draft Political Resolution of the 20th Congress of the CPI(M)

International Situation

The Draft Political Resolution points out that the global capitalist crisis which began in 2007-08 is continuing. This prolonged crisis indicates the unsustainability of finance capital-driven globalisation. After spending billions of dollars to bail out the banks and financial institutions which were responsible for perpetuating the crisis, the governments in the United States and Europe have pursued austerity measures and cutbacks in public spending to shift the burden on to the people. The Eurozone countries are in the throes of a debt crisis with Greece at the epicenter.

The impact of the crisis has led to high rates of unemployment, growing inequalities and severe cutbacks in social welfare benefits.

The United States and its NATO allies have embarked on a number of aggressive interventions in order to prop up its hegemony in the face of the continuing economic crisis. The aggression on Libya, the threats of invasion in Syria and the ratcheting up of tensions with Iran are all part of this. The United States and Nato are unable to subdue the Taliban in Afghanistan and their Afpak strategy is in disarray.

The people in all the advanced capitalist countries have been protesting and conducting struggles against the austerity measures and the cuts in social welfare. The Occupy Wall Street movement in the United States, the big strike struggle by workers, students and youth in Europe are noteworthy.

The popular uprising in Tunisia and Egypt toppled the despotic governments there. The United States and the western powers have intervened to hijack and divert these uprisings. Israel continues with its occupation and oppression of the Palestinian people. But the Palestinian movement is more united today.

The struggles and movements of the people in Europe can bring about a substantial change only when a strong political alternative in the form of the Left forces is built up.

In Latin America, the Left has maintained its advance. A number of countries with Left governments have rejected the neo-liberal model and are implementing policies which are an alternative to neo-liberalism.

The Party expresses its solidarity with the democratic and progressive forces in South Asia and will strive to increase the cooperation between the Left, democratic and secular forces in the region.

The current capitalist crisis has ended talk of the triumph of capitalism. Increasingly it is becoming clear that the only alternative to the exploitative neo-liberal capitalism is socialism.

National Situation

The UPA-II government has been pursuing the same neo-liberal policies that it adopted in the first term. The three-year period of the UPA government has been marked by:

(i)                           Relentless price rise of essential commodities

(ii)                        Massive high level corruption which began in the UPA-I term

(iii)                      Continuance of the pro-US foreign policy and strategic alliance with the U.S.

(iv)                      The working class, peasantry and other sections of the working people continue to suffer from intense exploitation and deprivation.

Neo-Liberal Agenda

The UPA-II government has sought to push forward the neo-liberal agenda with the disinvestment of public sector enterprises; privatization of oil, gas and ,mining sectors; seeking to increase FDI in the financial sector and opening it up further; allowing the pharmaceutical sector to be dominated by the MNCs and seeking to open up retail trade to multinational companies.

The UPA government has refused to take the steps necessary to check price rise like ending futures trading in essential commodities; revising the taxation structure of petroleum products and introduction of a universal public distribution system.

The global economic slowdown and the neo-liberal policies pursued domestically have led to a slowdown of the economy. Employment growth has drastically reduced.

The agrarian crisis is resulting once again in suicides by farmers across the country. Inadequate public investment and cuts in subsidies have meant rising costs for agricultural inputs. With non-remunerative prices, farming is becoming unviable for many farmers.

The condition of agricultural workers has steadily deteriorated. Migration by the rural poor is increasing. The UPA government's policy is for the takeover of Indian agriculture by foreign and domestic big corporates. This has to be fought back.

Land acquisition for SEZs, for corporates and mining has gong up on a large scale. This has led to protests against land acquisition in different parts of the country.

The two decades of liberalisation have benefited the big business and the urban elite and caused deprivation for the majority of the working people. The number of dollar billionaires have increased from 13 in 2003 to 55 in March 2011. On the other hand the exploitation of the workers has increased. And the share of profits in the net value added went up from 20 per cent in the 1980s to 60 per cent by 2008. The share of wages has fallen drastically. Contract and casual work has become the dominant form of employment.

Corruption

The UPA government has become synonymous with high-level corruption. The resolution notes the series of high-level corruption scandals like the 2G spectrum, Commonwealth Games, Adarsh housing, KG basin and the Antrix-Dewas contract for S band spectrum. The illicit financial flows abroad increased after deregulation and liberalisation. The government continues to drag its feet on unearthing black money and the funds illegally stashed abroad.

The resolution sets out the measures required to combat high-level corruption in various spheres. These include apart from the Lokpal, separate legislation for the judiciary, electoral reforms and scrapping those policies which facilitate corporate loot and foster corruption through the big business-ruling politician-bureaucrat nexus.

Political System

The Political Resolution condemns the growing nexus between big business and politics and the flow of big money into the electoral system. Parliamentary democracy is getting corroded by the use of money power. The restrictions on democratic rights are increasing. The Party will conduct a broad-based campaign against money power in politics and for major electoral reforms.

The resolution sets out the need to restructure Centre-state relations; the political solution to the problem in Jammu & Kashmir by provision of maximum autonomy and the need to end ethnic conflicts and extremism in the North-East region.

Communalism & Terrorism

The resolution notes the BJP's efforts to take up the Hindutva agenda after the defeat in the last Lok Sabha elections. The resolution deals with the continuing efforts to create communal tensions and stoke violence in different parts of the country. There have been continuing attacks on the minorities both Muslim and Christian in the BJP ruled states of Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

The role of certain Hindutva extremist elements in terrorist attacks have unfolded in the last three years. The terrorist activities of both Hindu and Muslim extremists have to be fought and countered. The resolution stresses the importance of combating the extremist communal ideology which spawns terrorist violence.

On Social Oppression

The Political resolution spells out the pernicious impact of the neo-liberal policies on the status and working conditions of women, the problems faced by the dalits, tribals and minorities. It sets out a platform of demands for social justice and ending the oppression of these sections.

Foreign Policy

The foreign policy pursued by the UPA government in the past eight years has been a pro-US foreign policy and a departure from the independent foreign policy. Its strategic alliance with the United States is having a direct bearing on the domestic policies and the lives of the people, whether it is FDI in retail or the free trade agreements which have an adverse effect on farmers and small producers. The CPI(M) will continue its struggle and campaign among the people for an independent foreign policy.

Political Situation

Noting the big change that has occurred since the 19th Congress after the CPI(M) and the Left suffered electoral reverses, the resolution makes the independent role and the strengthening of the Party at the national level as the central focus. The resolution states: "In the current situation, when the Left has suffered serious electoral reverses, and when West Bengal, the strongest base of the Party is under attack, it is of the utmost importance to expand the influence and the base of the Party in other states." In order to do this, the resolution sets out the priorities in the work of the Party.

Political Line

The resolution gives the direction for the political-tactical line of the Party in the coming days as follows:

"The CPI(M) has to politically fight the Congress and the BJP. Both are parties which represent the big bourgeois landlord order which perpetuates class exploitation and is responsible for the social oppression of various sections of the people. They pursue neo-liberal policies and advocate a pro-US foreign policy. Defeating the Congress and the UPA government is imperative given the crushing burden of price rise, unemployment, suffering of the farmers and workers on the one hand and the brazen corruption and big sops to big business and the wealthy sections. Isolating the BJP and countering its communal and rightwing agenda is necessary and important for the advance of the Left, democratic and secular forces.

"As against the Congress and the BJP, the CPI(M) puts forth the Left and democratic alternative. Only a Left and democratic platform can be the alternative to bourgeois-landlord rule. This alternative needs to be built up through a process of movements and struggles and the emergence of a political alliance of the Left and democratic forces. In the course of these efforts, it may be necessary to rally those non-Congress, non-BJP forces which can play a role in defence of democracy, national sovereignty, secularism, federalism and defence of the people's livelihood and rights. The emergence of such joint platforms should help the process of building the alliance of the Left and democratic forces."

"In the present situation we should strive for joint actions with the non-Congress secular parties on issues so that the movements can be widened. On specific policy matters and people's issues, there can be cooperation in parliament with these parties. As and when required, there can be electoral understandings with some of these parties."

Left Unity

According the highest priority to strengthening the independent role of the Party, the resolution also stresses the necessity to strengthen Left unity. There are a number of Left minded groups and individuals outside the Left parties who should be brought together on issues which the Left advocates.

Left & Democratic Alternative

The resolution underlines the fact that the Left and democratic alternative is the only real alternative to the current bourgeois-landlord policies. In order to rally the different sections of the working people in support of the Left and democratic platform, the resolution sets out some of the major demands and policies of the Left and democratic platform.

The resolution exhorts the Party to lead to fight against the neo-liberal policies which are harming the interests of the working people. We have to conduct the struggles for land, food, employment and social justice. The CPI(M) has to counter the forces of communalism and divisiveness and defend secularism. We have to combat the imperialist pressures in all spheres. We will defend the Party and the Left against the attacks & violation of democratic rights in West Bengal.

The resolution concludes with the call to build a powerful communist party throughout the country and with the pledge to continue the struggle to end class exploitation and social oppression of the Indian people so that we can go forward towards a new alternative path – towards people's democracy and socialism.

Click here for Full Text of the Draft Political Resolution
http://cpim.org/content/draft-political-resolution

C.C. Communique
Date:
20 January 2012
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) met in Kolkata from January 17 to 20, 2012. It has issued the following statement:

Lokpal Bill

The Central Committee condemned the UPA government for its failure to bring an effective Lokpal Bill and get it adopted in parliament. Even the weak legislation was not adopted in the Rajya Sabha because the government feared that some amendments moved by the opposition would be carried.

The Central Committee demanded that the government bring the Lokpal legislation with suitable amendments in the next session of parliament.

FDI In Retail

The Central Committee opposed the decision of the government to increase FDI in single brand retail to 100 per cent. This is a prelude to bringing in the FDI in multi-brand retail which has already met with widespread opposition.

The Central Committee decided to conduct a sustained campaign among the people to stop the entry of FDI in general retail trade.

West Bengal

The Central Committee expressed its serious concern at the growing number of farmers suicides in West Bengal. By now there are reports of twenty four farmers having committed suicide. This reflects not only on the policies of the Central Government which have resulted in the agrarian crisis but also a gross failure on the part of the West Bengal government to put in place a procurement machinery to purchase crops from the farmers. The procurement machinery set by the Left Front government has been dismantled. The TMC led government has failed to curb black-marketting of fertilizers.

People are suffering under the misrule of the TMC-led government. There have been nine starvation deaths of a closed tea garden. This is due to the callous attitude of the government which discontinued the scheme of giving Rs. 1500 per month introduced by the Left Front government for workers of closed factories and tea gardens. The performance of MNREGS has become the worst. The public distribution system, theAnnapoorna and Aantayodaya schemes have become irregular. The panchayat bodies which used to implement many of these schemes have become virtually defunct. All this is causing distress and suffering for the people.

The TMC-led government is exhibiting an extremely intolerant attitude to any criticism made about its performance. The general attack on democratic rights continues. So far fifty five persons who are workers or supporters of the CPI(M) and the Left Front have been killed since the assembly election results. The CPI(M) calls for an immediate halt to such attacks and the full restoration of democratic rights.

February 28 Strike

The Central Committee extended its full support to the call of the central trade unions for a one-day general strike on February 28, 2012. This united action by all the trade unions has raised demands, which are not only in the interests of the working class but concern the people of the country as a whole. The Central Committee directed all its Party units to work wholeheartedly to make the strike a total success.

Draft Political Resolution

The Central Committee adopted the draft Political Resolution to be placed before the 20th Congress of the Party to be held in April 2012 at Kozhikkode. The Political Resolution has called for fighting the neo-liberal policies of the UPA government and mobilizing various sections of the working people who are affected by these policies adversely. This is a central task. The Resolution calls for continuing the struggle to isolate the communal forces and to thwart the designs of the Hindutva brigade. The Party will work to defeat the Congress and the BJP.

The Resolution calls for paying the utmost priority to developing the independent role of the Party and to strengthen the Party as an all India force. The Party will work to build the Left and democratic alternative against the existing order. It will seek the cooperation of other non-Congress, secular and democratic forces to take up people's issues, defend secularism, national sovereignty and the federal principle.

Draft Ideological Resolution

The Central Committee discussed and adopted the draft `Resolution on Some Ideological Issues'. This Resolution addresses the current and prolonged crisis of global capitalism and its impact on both the developed capitalist countries and the developing countries. It takes stock of the moves of imperialism and international finance capital and the ideological constructs that they use to maintain their dominance. The Resolution deals with the growing resistance to imperialist globalization and the ideological tasks to be undertaken to ensure an effective and united resistance by the working class and other allied forces worldwide. The Resolution discusses the developments in the socialist countries and the necessity to build a renewed socialist alternative which is relevant to the 21st century. The Resolution also pinpoints the ideological challenges faced by the Communists in Indian society and puts forth an alternative ideological worldview which can counter the bourgeois, feudal and other retrograde ideologies.
http://cpim.org/content/cc-communique-11

Need of the hour to expand CPI(M) base in other states: Prakash Karat
The CPI(M) today said the electoral reverses in West Bengal and Keralahave made it imperative to expand its influence in other parts of the country, focus on building Left unity and project a Left and democratic alternative to counter the Congress and the BJP.

"In the current situation when the Left has suffered serious electoral reverses, and when West Bengal, the strongest base of the party is under attack, it is of utmost importance to expand the influence and the base of the party in other states," CPI(M) General Secretary PrakashKarat told a press conference here.

Releasing the draft political resolution for debate within the party two months ahead of the 20th Congress in April, he said the "central focus" now would be on strengthening the party and stepping up its independent role and activities.

Karat said the fact that CPI(M) was contesting the assembly polls in UttarPradesh and Punjab independently pointed towards this political understanding the party has adopted now.

On the question of unity within the Left parties, Karat acknowledged differences between the CPI(M) and the CPI on issues like Telangana or the problems of the erstwhile Left Front government in West Bengal.
While the CPI supports the formation of Telangana, the CPI(M) does not. The CPI has been critical of the CPI(M) in the running of the Left Front and its defeat at the hustings.

However, Karat made it clear that these have to be addressed in "a critical and fraternal manner so that it does not weaken the Left Front. The ferocious attack on the Left should be met with a collective resolve and by going to the people in a united way".

Post Bengal drubbing, CPM revival plan looks to grassroots
SATURDAY, 28 JANUARY 2012 23:14
PIONEER NEWS SERVICE | NEW DELHI
HITS: 131

With its popularity on the wane, the CPI (M) is going in for a "tactical" shift. It has shelved its ambitious dream of creating a Third Front to challenge the Congress and the BJP, and has instead decided to focus on expanding its own base in States where it has little influence.
In its political draft resolution released on Saturday, it has blamed the "opportunistic attitude" of the regional parties for its decision to junk its Third Front agenda. Nevertheless, intriguingly, the major Left party has itself 'resolved' to go in for "tactical" electoral alliances depending on the political situation of each State. It termed the diluted version of the creation of such fronts as "building the alliance of the Left and democratic forces".
Also, unlike earlier when it termed the BJP and the RSS as its main political enemies, the party now says "defeating the Congress and UPA Government is imperative" and "isolating BJP and countering its communal and rightwing agenda is necessary".
Releasing the draft political resolution for debate within the party at all levels two months ahead of the 20th Congress in April, CPI(M) General Secretary Prakash Karat said the "central focus" now would be on strengthening the party and stepping up its independent role and activities.
"In the current situation when the Left has suffered serious electoral reverses, and when West Bengal, the strongest base of the party is under attack, it is of utmost importance to expand the influence and the base of the party in other States," Karat said, while addressing media with politburo members Sitaram Yechury and K Varadarajan.
Karat stressed that the party would continue its fight against the policies and corruption in the UPA Government "inside and outside" the Parliament with "secular parties".
Asked about CPI general secretary A B Bardhan's recent public criticism of CPI(M) in the context of the Left defeat in West Bengal, Karat said, "There must be a balanced understanding. The Left Front ruled for 34 years, won seven consecutive Assembly elections and achieved so much.
"That must be seen in perspective. There may be different views. We should discuss this in a constructive and fraternal manner within the Left Front." Maintaining that there has to be greater emphasis on Left unity, he said there were a number of Left-minded groups and individuals outside Left parties "who should be brought together on issues which the Left advocates."
However Karat did not answer specifically to the questions on the "opportunism" of regional parties, Jayalalithaa's shift towards BJP and LK Advani terming her AIADMK as a natural ally.
The draft resolution would be finally adopted at the party congress to be held in Kozhikode in Kerala from April 4-9.

CPI(M) to adopt two-pronged strategy to take on Congress, BJP
K. V. PRASAD
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CPI(M) general secretary Prakash Karat along with Polit Bureau member Sitaram Yechury (left) and N. Varadarajan showing draft political resolution for the 20th Congress at a press conference in New Delhi on Saturday. Photo: Shiv Kumar Pushpakar
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) plans to work on a twin-pronged political strategy to take on the Congress and the Bharatiya Janata Party at the national level. The accent would be on carving out an independent role to strengthen the party and pursue a Left and democratic alternative.
Noting the big change that has occurred since the 19 congress after the CPI(M) and the Left suffered electoral reverses, the (draft political) resolution (for the April 4-9, 20 party congress in Kozhikode, Kerala) makes the independent role and strengthening of the party at the national level the central focus.
Releasing the draft resolution here, general secretary Prakash Karat emphasised that if the task before the last general elections was to have a third alternative to fight the Congress and the BJP-led alliances, the stress now would be on a Left and democratic alternative.
"Only a Left and democratic platform can be the alternative to the bourgeois-landlord rule. This alternative needs to be built up through a process of movements and struggles and the emergence of a political alliance of the Left and democratic forces. In the course of these efforts, it may be necessary to rally those non-Congress, non-BJP forces which can play a role in defence of democracy, national sovereignty, secularism, federalism and defence of the people's livelihood and rights. The emergence of such joint platforms should help the process of building the alliance of the Left and democratic forces," the draft resolution said.
The need to expand its influence and base through an independent role and for projecting the Left and democratic alternative is in line with the resolution adopted by the Extended Central Committee Meeting at Vijayawada during August 2010.
However, on Left unity, the resolution goes on to elaborate from the Vijayawada position on working to reforge links with 'Left-minded sections which have moved away from us' to bring together on a platform a number of Left-minded groups and individuals outside the Left parties on issues which the Left advocates, and suggesting that the CPI(M) take the initiative in this regard.
The subtle expansion is based on the realisation that while a number of people and intellectuals moved away from the CPI(M) and the Left ahead of the West Bengal elections, the party now seeks to cast the net wider and bring together a number of them, outside an organised platform, onto it. This does not have a bearing on the oft-repeated talk ahead of the party Congress of unification or merge of the CPI and the CPI(M).
Keywords: CPI(M), CPI, Left unity
http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article2840122.ece

CPI(M) to counter 'no alternative' argument
K. V. PRASAD
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Four-day extended session of party's Central Committee starts in Kolkata today
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) will go into a key session of its Central Committee to set the agenda for the future, including the ideological course and political position.
The four-day extended session starting at Kolkata on Tuesday is the final stage before the party releases draft documents articulating its position on these fundamental issues that would be put through extensive intra-party discussions ahead of the 20th Party Congress at Kozhikode in Kerala in April this year.
The Kozhikode meet would be held four years after the last Coimbatore Congress and the intervening period has seen the CPI (M) and the other Left parties suffer severe electoral debacles, first in the 2009 Lok Sabha elections and then last year when it lost power in its citadel of West Bengal in the Assembly elections.

MANY CHANGES
"There have been many changes in the political situation during the last four years. We will take stock of the current situation, the party's attack against neo-liberal economic policies, which have led to price rise, unemployment, agrarian distress, and how to continue the fight," CPI (M) general secretary Prakash Karat told The Hindu here on Monday.
He said the Central Committee would discuss the draft political resolution prepared in the wake of the electoral setback in the Lok Sabha polls and in West Bengal and steps needed to carve an independent role for the Left in general and the party in particular.
"Emphasis would be on how to overcome the setback, regain ground and emerge stronger in Kerala and West Bengal and at the national level," Mr. Karat said, adding that the draft resolution would also determine the party's stand with regard to other non-Congress secular parties.

REVERSES
While the CPI (M) effort to rally parties in the non-Congress, non-Bharatiya Janata Party fold did not find acceptance with the electorate in the 2009 Lok Sabha polls, the Congress-Trinamool Congress alliance ejected the CPI (M)-led Left Front from office after three decades of uninterrupted rule in West Bengal.
Besides this, the Central Committee would also take up the draft ideological resolution. The Coimbatore Congress decided to adopt a resolution on ideological issues and Mr. Karat said this would be done taking into account major changes in the world and explore the scope to present an option to the 'there is no alternative to capitalism' argument.
Mr. Karat said one of the major issues was the global economic crisis which presented an opportunity to go in for an alternative to neoliberal capitalism and counter the campaign going on since the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s.
Keywords: Central Committee meeting, CPI (M), Left
http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/article2806212.ece

CPM aims to 'fight' Congress and 'isolate' BJP
By POORNIMA JOSHI
Last updated at 12:25 AM on 29th January 2012

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The legendary B.T. Ranadive once said that there was nothing more self-destructive than a communist party that lost its way.
The present general secretary of the CPM, Prakash Karat, has certainly followed Ranadive, but from the wrong side of history.
Ranadive's prophecy was reflected in the party's political resolution released by Karat on Saturday, two months before the 20th party congress.
The wrong side of history: General Secretary Prakash Karat
The line defined in the resolution is a perfect recipe for further political isolation of the CPM, asserting as it does in identifying the Congress as enemy number one and pledging to ensure its political demise.
The resolution equates the Congress with the BJP and says the CPM has to first finish off the Congress before it talks about 'isolating' the BJP.
'The CPM has to politically fight the Congress and the BJP. Both are parties which represent the big bourgeois landlord order which perpetuates class exploitation and is responsible for the social oppression of various sections of the people,' the resolution stated.
This is a departure from the CPM's earlier line, which used to make a clear distinction between the Congress and the BJP by identifying the Congress as a 'secular bourgeois' political force.
The earlier resolution, adopted in the 19th congress in 2008, had stated the party would not align with the Congress but did not press on the UPA's defeat as its priority.
In fact, the Left party had said it was imperative to "isolate and defeat" the BJP.
But now the CPM has pledged to 'defeat' the Congress and 'isolate' the BJP.
Which political force is going to assist the Left party in this novel endeavour given that on its own, the declining numbers in Parliament and shrinking presence in state assemblies fly in the face of such assertions?
According to Karat, the CPM will align with 'non-Congress', 'non-BJP' parties and strengthen Left unity to achieve the target.
When asked about the sheer opportunism and ideological vacuum among the parties the Left has aligned with - the AIADMK that is inching close to the BJP or the BSP that too is open to alliance with the saffron party - Karat said: 'Our alignment is issue based.'

Read more: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/indiahome/indianews/article-2093298/CPM-aims-fight-Congress-isolate-BJP.html#ixzz1koePpl7U

--
Palash Biswas
Pl Read:
http://nandigramunited-banga.blogspot.com/

Vibrant Gujarat or State of ‘Fake Encounters’ & ‘Bhagoda’ Companies – Exclusive

2012-01-29T07:35:00.001-08:00

Vibrant Gujarat or State of 'Fake Encounters' & 'Bhagoda' Companies – Exclusive

On the eve of elections it needs to be clarified – Bhagoda in above means deserters.

Firstly Narendra Modi didn't achieve highest Industrial growth – it is average rate in spite of $950b MoU signed by him in ten years. Here it is obvious Narendra Modi facilitated Loot and Plunder and Encounters in Gujarat than real growth prosperity to its people and made no progress on Social Indicators like Health, Hunger, Malnutrition and Stunted Growth of people.

http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?id=13595

In above growth rate of Manufacturing Registered companies was under 70% over five years 2004-05 to 2009-10 or 11% Compound Growth Rate from Rs.40,264 crores to Rs.66,206 crores, in spite of 125% Sales Tax subsidy to large industries, many states like Maharashtra, Punjab, MP, TN, Uttarkhand, achieved better growth rate.

Similarly over five years 2004-05 to 2009-10 Agricultural SGDP of Gujarat expanded just 20% from Rs.30515 crores to Rs.36950 crores, this 3.6% compound growth. This is confirmed by average Monthly Per Capita Expenditure data at the end.

Secondly most of the Companies located very large units just to take advantage of SUBSIDIES by Gujarat government and after availing all the benefits registered them as SEZ projects or simply relocated offices to Cayman Island or London to evade paying any taxes to Gujarat and India – hence Bhagoda or Deserter Companies.

RIL refineries availed huge Tax Concessions than turned to Exports and SEZ to avoid paying taxes.

ESSAR companies are now owned by ESSAR Holding Company based in Cayman Island.

http://www.essar.com/upload/pdf/Essar_Profile.pdf
HUTCH-ESSAR (VODAFONE) ESSAR STEEL, ESSAR POWER, ESSAR OIL etc all ESSAR companies are controlled from Cayman Island and London.

Sterlite Group of Anil Agarwal operates from London.

Tata, Adanis and many have large Foreign Operations.

After fooling Narendra Modi into dolling out Huge Subsidies, Tax Concessions, Huge Bank Loans for MEGA Projects these Bhagoda Companies neither Pay any taxes but claim all the concession negotiated with Modi directly –

They don't even live in Gujarat.

ESSAR-Vodafine, 12,000 MW Power Projects, 14 Million tone Steel Complex, 30 million tones Refinery of ESSAR are controlled from London worth over $50b.

ESSAR lied in Prospectus – it had not installed a single power project in three years.

But like Anil Ambani power venture – that picked up Rs.12,000 crores at Rs.430 per share that trades around Rs.100, ESSAR ENERGY plc too was priced Pence 420 for Pence5 face value that trades at Pence135.

Gujarat is ABODE of Bhagoda companies.

Gujarat is never mentioned as Fake Encounter state led by Chief Minister himself.

Ravinder Singh
January28, 2012

ESSAR ENERGY plc
(Incorporated under the Companies Act 2006 (the ''Companies Act'') and registered in England and Wales with registered number 7108619)

http://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/article451933.ece
Essar Energy to be listed on London's FTSE 100
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT
MUMBAI, June 10, 2010

Essar's Ravi Ruia relocates to London; to raise $3bn
ET Bureau Apr 2, 2010

July 28, 2010: Essar Energy IPO prospectus. To download the report, please
click here

[The Company's expansion projects in its power business (the ''Power Plant Projects'') are divided into two phases (the ''Phase I Power Projects'' and the ''Phase II Power Projects'') and are designed to bring total installed capacity to 11,470 MW. Its six Phase I Power Projects have an expected total installed capacity of 4,880 MW and are expected to become commercially operational between 2010 and 2012. In addition, the Company will seek to further expand its power operations through its six Phase II Power Projects which are expected to increase its installed total capacity by a further 5,370 MW and are due to become commercially operational during 2013 and 2014.]

In the following I found not a single unit was added by ESSAR to the grid.

Generation Capacity Additions April2009- March2010
http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar10/17-20.pdf
Generation Capacity Additions April2010- March2011
http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/mar11/18-21.pdf
Generation Capacity Additions April2011- March2012
http://www.cea.nic.in/reports/monthly/executive_rep/dec11/18-20.pdf

http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=73098
Monthly Per Capita Expenditure & Food Expenditure of States
Figures in Rs. – Figures in Red are above Gujarat

States

MPCE Rural

Food

MPCE Urban

Food

(1)

(2)

(3)

(5)

(6)

Bihar

780

505

1238

655

Chhattisgarh

784

456

1647

720

Orissa

818

507

1548

749

Jharkhand

825

503

1584

816

UP

899

521

1574

728

MP

903

504

1666

694

West Bengal

952

604

1965

907

Assam

1003

646

1755

929

Karnataka

1020

577

2053

869

All-India

1054

600

1984

881

Gujarat

1110

640

1909

882

Maharashtra

1153

623

2437

999

Tamil Nadu

1160

635

1948

876

Rajasthan

1179

647

1663

798

AP

1234

717

2238

1002

Haryana

1510

815

2321

1001

Punjab

1649

795

2109

933

Kerala

1835

843

2413

970

Bulls for BJP MPs, Partymen & RSS, Cows for BPL Families

2012-01-29T07:32:00.001-08:00

Bulls for BJP MPs, Partymen & RSS, Cows for BPL Families

Dear Sudheendra Kulkarni,

All the IITians, Brahmins, Farmers, Socialists anti American Think tanks are thrilled to learn your Super Computer brain coming up with this Idea of giving Cows to BPL families in UP, with I believe supply of 20kg of fodder everyday sourced from farmers at Rs.10 per kg MSP. Without supply of fodder BPL families would take it as an upper caste conspiracy to make them poorer and a scam.

Deendyal Upadhyay and Nanaji Deshmukh in heavens would be delighted to read this news on their heavenly Twitters be satisfied to find a person in you to carryon their Social Service.

This is really brilliant – this shall magically remove poverty in UP and India in seconds. Even 10 liters of milk per day average would be Rs.320 per day income to every BPL family and lift them Above Poverty Line.

This is even more brilliant considering your political rivals in view of extreme shortage of Elephants can't promise an Elephant to each BPL family had to install Stone Sculptures that are now covered on your complaints.

This is brilliant farmers were burning wheat and rice straw polluting the environment and your government on coming to power would buy it and sell it to BPL families. This shall triple the income of Indian Farmers. Your friend Narendra Modi may implement it immediately.

So shall reverse migration to cities – slum dwellers would go back to villages assure of healthy life in the company of holy cow.

BPL families are worried your government on coming to power would take away highly priced Cow Urine and Dung that is even more valuable at Rs.50 per liter and Rs.100 per kg required by Baba Ramdev and new generations of Ayurveds and for export markets. When BPL income shall be Rs.320 per day – Brahmins and BJP shall earn Rs.3000 per day from 20 liter of Cow Urine and 10 kg of Dung.

It is like promising a Nano to BPL and Mercedes for Brahmins and upper caste. So before other political parties promise Cows to BPL families with daily supply of fodder and guaranteed purchase Urine and Dung you may issue supplementary manifesto.

But there is discrimination against Bulls and gender activists are likely to move PIL to stop this gender discrimination.

So you should also promise Bulls to all BJP MPs and party-men and RSS.

Perhaps you have not tried Bull ride is real divine many gods preferred Bulls than horses because horses dung and urine is harmful cause Asthma, TB and Cancer, without any medicinal value and useless– had you tried Bulls for LK Advani in cross country Yatras BJP would have 800 million numbers in its Vote Bank.

Think of Mahatama Gandhi, he carried a Goat with him everywhere became father of India, had LK Advani kept a Bull or a Cow he could have been much more respected not required to praise father of a neighboring country. At least he could have become father of UP or Gujarat.

It shall be great if you and BJP ride a Bull to Parliament. There will be no security problem and little parking problem – if you wish you can take Bulls to your office also – Mercedes can't ride steps of Parliament or fit in a lift – a Bull can.

In the evening you will not be required to serve imported Whisky and Wines – Bull Urine is purer than cows.

South Indians worship Bulls unlike Cows in North India – so BJP may promise a Bull to every South Indian family.

Finally don't forget two things –

First is to register Bull as your Party Symbol – Kamal Ka Phool has not shined well in sewage – even our rivers now carry sewage. Had you realized this earlier you could have defeated INC every time.

Second to promise Income Tax exemption for all Cow and Bull products otherwise you will be required to measure and keep records of daily production of Urine and Dung and get it audited for IT return.

You deserve promotion in BJP for this brilliant idea next president of BJP and future PM.

Ravinder Singh
Progressindia008@yahoo.com
January29, 2012

Kazakhstan opposition holds rare rally

2012-01-29T07:30:00.001-08:00

Al Jazeera describes their video this way: "Hundreds of anti-government protesters have staged a rare - and unauthorised - opposition rally in Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city. Demonstrators said the ruling party's victory in this month's parliamentary election was flawed, and they called for the release of jailed opposition activists. Hours later, speakers at Saturday's rally were handed two-week jail sentences for holding the unsanctioned gathering, according to local media reports. Al Jazeera's Robin Forestier-Walker reports from Almaty."

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4jCvdRWOdHA&feature=daily_sat

Egyptian anti-military activist Maikel Nabil rejects pardon

2012-01-29T07:29:00.001-08:00

Al Jazeera summarizes its video this way: "Maikel Nabil, one of Egypt's most outspoken voices against the ruling military council, has given his first live television interview to Al Jazeera, just days after being pardoned and released from prison. Nabil said he rejected the pardon from the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and that anyone who mistreated him during his roughly 10 months in prison should be prosecuted. Nabil was often held in isolation, given limited access to his family and barred from speaking to the media. He was originally sentenced to a three-year prison term. He was arrested in March after writing a blog post entitled "The People and The Army Are Not One Hand"."

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D5E9AzzZ7jg&feature=daily_sat

State of Corporate Power 2012 Exposing the Davos Class TNI

2012-01-29T07:26:00.001-08:00

http://www.tni.org/report/state-corporate-power-2012

State of Corporate Power 2012

Exposing the Davos Class

TNI

January 2012

Who are the global 1%? What companies do they run? How do they escape accountability? Check out TNI's powerful infographic displays that expose the social and environmental costs of global corporate power.

The economic, social and ecological crises humanity face are no accident, but a result of policies pursued by a small corporate elite that has systematically hijacked political and economic policy throughout the world.

This global elite - best known as the Davos class - meets annually in the Swiss skiing resort in the last week of January to reaffirm their faith in the orthodoxy of pro-corporate economic policies. They continue to do so, even as the costs become ever more clear in debt crises that are never resolved, rising unemployment and inequality, and an ever-pressing ecological crisis.

TNI, as part of its new Corporate Power project, is producing a series of infographics over 2012 that expose the reality of corporate power, and our need to fundamentally change direction. Please download and share these infographics, and watch out for new ones over the coming months.

	Introduction to the Davos Class Susan George The Davos class run our major institutions and know exactly what they want, but they face a huge crisis of legitimacy because their ideology isn't working and they have virtually no ideas nor imagination to resolve this.
	Planet Earth: A Corporate Run World Which are the biggest companies in the world? Which corporations control them? How does their power compare with states? > Interactive presentation \| Large image \| Download PDF
	The Global 0.001% Just 10.9 million people control $42.7 trillion dollars or two thirds of world GDP. What could that pay for? > Interactive presentation \|View as image \| Download PDF
	The World's Richest Men Who are they and how did they make their money? Which are the best countries to be rich in?(Version revised: 25 Jan 2012) > Interactive presentation \|View as image \| Download PDF
	Neoliberal architects A global economy that has benefited a small elite is no accident: it was carefully designed by politicians who often worked for transnational corporations and at times were rewarded by them after leaving office. > View as image \| Download PDF

Sources

Planet Earth: A Corporate World

Top 25 companies based on revenues: Forbes, April 2011

Top 25 companies based on ownership and control: Vitali, Glattfelder, and Battiston, The Network of Global Corporate Control, 2011

Corporations more powerful than nations: Nations' GDP from IMF website; company revenue from Fortune 500

Location of Top 200 corporations and number of Top 500 corporations per country: Fortune 500

The global 0.001%

Extreme wealth and Geography of the Rich: Capgemini and Merrill Lynch Global Wealth Management, World Wealth Report 2011

An unequal world: Isabel Ortiz and Matthew Cummins, Global inequality: Beyond the Bottom Billion , UNICEF April 2011 f

What would $42.7 billion pay for?

US-Iraq War: direct costs so far have been $800 billion but indirect costs could top $4 trillion, MarketWatch, December 2011
US space programme: US White House website
Gulfstream Executive Jet: Business & Commercial Aviation's
2010 Purchase Planning Handbook
Universal primary and secondary education: Calculated fromhttp://www.amacad.org/publications/cohen_intro.pdf, p.3,22
Meeting UN Millennium Development Goal on Clean Water: UNESCO website
Climate change adaptation: UNFCCC (2008). Investment and Financial Flows to Address Climate Change. UNFCCC, Bonn

World's top billionaires and sectors the wealth came from: Forbes.com, March 2011

Case study of Carlos Slim: Outing the oligarchy - billionaires who benefit from today's climate crisis, International Forum on Globalization (IFG)

Tax rates in different OECD countries: Center of Budget and Policy Prioritieshttp://www.cbpp.org/

Tax evasion costs: Tax Justice Network, Cost of Tax Abuse, November 2011

Neoliberal architects

Alan Greenspan:

Testimony before the U.S. House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, October 23, 2008.
Reuters, September 22, 2008; Marketwatch, September 26, 2008.

Anatoly Chubais

Ken I. Kim and Anna Yelkina, Privatization in Russia: Its Past, Present, and Future, SAM Advanced Management Journal, Winter 2003. See also Thane Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-style, chapter 8; Anne Williamson, Contagion: The Betrayal of Liberty;http://www.lenta.ru/lib/14160313/full.htm; andttp://russiaprofile.org/bg_people/resources_whoiswho_alphabet_c_chubais.html
Thane Gustafson, Capitalism Russian-style, chapter 3; and Janine R. Wedel, The Harvard Boys Do Russia, The Nation, June 1, 1998.
Reuters, September 22, 2008; and Aaron Mulvihill, Russia Today
Marketwatch, September 26, 2008.

Marcilio Marques Moreira

http://www.labgbooth.org/conference/speakers/18

Carlos Salinas

Jeff Faux, The Global Class War: How America's Bipartisan Elite Lost Our Future.
U.S. GAO, Private Banking: Raul Salinas, Citibank, and Alleged Money Laundering, GAO/OSI-99-1
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/mexico/family/citibankaffair.html.
http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacion/biografias_lideres_politicos/america_del_norte/mexico/carlos_salinas_de_gortari#6

Charlie McCreevy

Dick Cheney

Frits Bolkestein

Lawrence Summers

Financial Industry Paid Millions to Obama Aide, New York Times, April 3, 2009.
Bloomberg News, March 3 and December 18, 2009.

Peter Mandelson

The Moscow Times, Oct 22, 2008
The Times, Oct 13, 2008
The Guardian, Oct 21, 2008
The Telegraph, Oct 24, 2008,http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/georgeosborne/3253562/Lord-Mand...

Tony Blair

BBC News, January 10, 2008.
The Guardian http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/series/blair-mysteryand articles by David Leigh and Ian Griffiths on Dec 1, 2009,http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/dec/01/mystery-tony-blair-finances and Dec 19, 2009, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2009/dec/17/mystery-tony-blairs-money-solved
Dispatches: The Wonderful World of Tony Blair,http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tg-Dc3nmdYA
The Guardian, March 17, 2010.

Research: George Draffan
Design: Ricardo Santos

The Davos Class

Susan George

January 2012

The Davos class run our major institutions, know exactly what they want, and are well organized, but they have weaknesses too. For they are wedded to an ideology that isn't working and they have virtually no ideas nor imagination to resolve this.

(This article is adapted with minor editorial changes from Susan George's recent book Whose Crisis, Whose Future? (Polity Press and John Wiley & Sons, 2010)

'"All for ourselves and nothing for other people" seems in every age of the world to have been the vile maxim of the masters of mankind,'ⁱ wrote Adam Smith in 1776 in The Wealth of Nations, universally considered the first comprehensive inquiry into the nature and practice of capitalism.

The masters of mankind are still with us: I call them the Davos class because, like the people who meet each January in the Swiss mountain resort, they are nomadic, powerful and interchangeable. Some have economic power and usually a considerable personal fortune. Others have administrative and political power, mostly exercised on behalf of those with economic power, who reward them in their own way. Contradictions among its members can most certainly exist – the CEO of an industrial company does not always have exactly the same interests as his bankers – but generally speaking, when it comes to societal choices, they will agree.

I'm not impugning anybody's individual morality here – there are surely plenty of kind-hearted bankers, generous traders and socially responsible CEOs. I am simply saying that, as a class, they can be counted on to behave in certain ways if only because they serve a single system. The Davos class, despite its members' nice manners and well-tailored clothes, is predatory. These people cannot be expected to act logically because they are not thinking about longer-term interests, usually not even their own, but about eating, right now.

You can find the Davos class in every country – its members do not belong to a conspiracy and its modus operandi can be readily observed and identified. Why bother with conspiracies when the study of power and interests will do the job? The Davos class is always extremely small relative to the society and its members naturally have money – sometimes inherited, sometimes self-made. More importantly, they have their own social institutions – clubs, top schools for their kids, neighbourhoods, corporate and charity boards, holiday destinations, membership organizations, exclusive fashionable social events, and so on – all of which help to buttress social cohesion and collective power. They run our major institutions, including the media, know exactly what they want and are much more united and better organized than we are.

But this dominant class has weaknesses too; one is that it has an ideology but virtually no ideas and no imagination. Their programme since the 1970s, usually called 'neoliberalism', is based on freedom for financial innovation, no matter where it may lead, on privatization, deregulation, and unlimited growth; on the supposedly free, self-regulating market and free trade that gave birth to the casino economy. This economy has failed spectacularly and is now thoroughly discredited, at least in the public mind.

Most people ask for no further proof; they can see that the system works neither for them, nor for their families and friends, nor for their country. Many also recognize that it's bad for the immense majority of the earth's people and for the earth itself. The sole response of the Davos Class is to keep the old world order ticking over a bit longer, with a free pass for all the institutions which created the crisis to begin with. It won't work, not even on their own terms.

I believe that 'we' – the decent, honest, so-called ordinary people I meet all the time – have the numbers (and thus also the votes) on our side. We have the imagination, the ideas and the rational proposals as well as most of the skills and the scholarship – meaning we know what needs to be done and how to do it. We belong to a huge variety of formal and informal organizations struggling for change in this or that institution, this or that domain. Collectively, we even have money. What we do not have is the unity or the organization of the adversary, and we all too often lack the consciousness of our own potential power.

The Occupy Wall Street Movement in the United States and the Indignados and others in Europe have identified the huge inequalities that prevail in our societies as "the 1 percent" and the "99 percent" that roughly coincide with the Davos Class and the rest of us, although the former is closer to one-tenth of 1 percent. In other words, they have identified the adversary, the class that maintains a rotten status quo. Our task now is to build a vast coalition of all those who agree with the diagnosis, all those who want to fight for their future but also for a fairer society, a better world, a healthier planet. Such alliances, which must become at once local, national and transnational, won't happen by magic—they require conversations, debates and the concrete recognition that whatever our minor differences of opinion or emphasis, we are all on the same side.

If not us, who? If not now, when?

Footnotes:

i Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Book III, Chapter IV, p. 512 in the Pelican Classic edition, Andrew Skinner, ed. armondsworth & New York, 1974

Photo credits: Copyright World Economic Forum www.swiss-image.ch/Photo by Hanspeter Baertschi

Susan George

TNI fellow, President of the Board of TNI and honorary president of ATTAC-France [Association for Taxation of Financial Transaction to Aid Citizens]

Susan George is one of TNI's most renowned fellows for her long-term and ground-breaking analysis of global issues. Author of fourteen widely translated books, she describes her work in a cogent way that has come to define TNI: "The job of the responsible social scientist is first to uncover these forces [of wealth, power and control], to write about them clearly, without jargon... and finally..to take an advocacy position in favour of the disadvantaged, the underdogs, the victims of injustice."

Sen. Franken and Conservatives Unite to Fight Indefinite Detention By Joe Picard and Jeremy Herb, The Hill

2012-01-29T07:23:00.001-08:00

Sen. Franken and Conservatives Unite to Fight Indefinite Detention

By Joe Picard and Jeremy Herb, The Hill

28 January 12

trange bedfellows on Capitol Hill, ranging from Sen. Al Franken (D-Minn.) to Rep. Jeff Landry (R-La.), are joining forces to change controversial detainee language that was signed into law by President Obama last month.

The bipartisan effort is a clear indication that the debate on the government's power to detain suspected terrorists, including U.S. citizens, will continue into 2012.

"Any statute that could possibly be interpreted to allow a president to detain American citizens without charge or trial is incredibly alarming," said Landry, a freshman lawmaker and member of the Tea Party Caucus who has introduced a bill in the House to clarify the law.

When Obama signed the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) last month, he paired it with a signing statement, noting he had "serious reservations with certain provisions that regulate the detention, interrogation and prosecution of suspected terrorists."

He's hardly the only one.

Both libertarian Rep. Ron Paul (R-Texas), who is running for president, and the Council on American-Islamic Relations, for example, have issued statements saying the NDAA provisions violate the Fifth Amendment.

At question is a provision in the new law wherein Congress affirms the president's right to detain persons who were "part of or substantially supported al Qaeda, the Taliban or associated forces." The president may detain these persons "under the law of war without trial until the end of the hostilities."

President George W. Bush originally claimed a similar right under the Authorization for Use of Military Force, a law passed in 2001, shortly after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. To the dismay of some on the left, Obama has asserted the same claim, and Congress has now codified it.

The provision, however, does not specifically exempt U.S. citizens, and that's the rub.

"You go down a slippery slope," Franken told The Hill. "To not give people a hearing, to not give an American citizen the right to have his case heard in a court - I think that's one of our basic rights. Once we're starting to get rid of our basic rights, we're in real trouble."

The president vowed that his administration would never use these powers against American citizens.

"The president promises, that's nice," Rep. Jerrold Nadler (D-N.Y.) told The Hill. "But what about the next, or another, administration? This administration's promise is no guarantee against how the law may be used by future administrations."

Supporters of the detention provisions argued that the president already has the authority to detain U.S. citizens, and that such powers are necessary in the global war on terror.

"The threat to our homeland is growing," Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) said during debate on the bill in the upper chamber. "Homegrown radical terrorists are becoming the threat of the 21st century, and now is not the time to change the law."

GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney took a similar position, saying during a debate last week that American citizens who join al Qaeda "are not entitled to due process." His answer was booed by the South Carolina crowd.

Nadler argued against assuming someone is a terrorist, stressing that is "why we have due process, to determine the truth."

That the language could open the door to indefinite detention of U.S. citizens raised concerns in both chambers before the bill was passed.

Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) offered an amendment specifying exemption from the detention provisions for U.S. citizens. It was rejected, 45-55, as most GOP senators voted no. Republicans who backed Feinstein's measure included Sens. Rand Paul (Ky.), Mike Lee (Utah), Mark Kirk (Ill.), Susan Collins (Maine) and Jerry Moran (Kan.).

The Senate subsequently passed an eleventh-hour amendment saying the section would not alter existing law relating to the detention of U.S. citizens.

The problem is that existing law on the issue of detaining U.S. citizens and treating them as enemy combatants has yet to be resolved by the courts.

Legal experts pointed to two cases since 2001 where a court decision on the president's authority regarding the detention of U.S. citizens could have been rendered. They cite the cases of Jose Padilla, during the Bush administration, and Ali Saleh al-Marri, under Obama.

Both were American citizens and were held in military detention - Padilla for three and a half years, al-Marri for almost eight. In each case, the administration used its power to move the accused from military supervision into the civil court system for trial before a U.S. federal court could rule on the detention issue.

In a third case involving a U.S. citizen, Yaser Hamdi, the Supreme Court ruled that Hamdi could be detained, but he was captured in Afghanistan, not the United States.

Kirk told The Hill recently that the end result of the NDAA is a "muddle" that doesn't take a position on citizen military detention.

Landry echoed that sentiment: "The problem is the vagueness of the law. To allow the executive branch to encroach upon the liberties of American citizens based on an interpretation of a vague law is dangerous."

Benjamin Wittes, a senior fellow at the Brookings Institute and co-founder of the Lawfare blog, said concerns about an administration being eager to detain U.S. citizens to test its power are overblown because the sitting judges on the Supreme Court would likely strike it down.

"There is still no law that says you can't do it, and there's still no law that says you can do it," Wittes said. "There are probably five justices on the Supreme Court who would say you can't do it. And that's going to discipline any administration."

Kirk said he expects the high court will eventually rule that citizens cannot be detained indefinitely.

"If a future president uses the authority, it will be smacked down quickly," Kirk said.

Landry, however, said that would be small consolation for some U.S. citizens in indefinite military detention. Those cases can take years to resolve through the legal system.

"To fix a law like this is Congress's responsibility," he said.

Feinstein has reintroduced her defeated amendment to exempt American citizens. The bill has bipartisan support in the Senate, and a version has been introduced in the House.

While it remains to be seen how far the bills will go this year, Landry remains optimistic. He said he has received a commitment from House Armed Services Committee Chairman Buck McKeon (R-Calif.) that the panel will revisit the law.

"I have a commitment from the chairman," Landry said. "If he gives us the hearing he's promised, and we go through the regular legislative procedure, we could get this whole thing resolved in under 60 days. The law will be clear and the constitutional rights of U.S. citizens will be protected."

"Those who stand for nothing fall for anything"

Alexander Hamilton

What is India? MARKANDEY KATJU India is a country of mostly immigrants who came to the country over the past 10,000 years.

2012-01-29T07:20:00.001-08:00

What is India?

MARKANDEY KATJU

http://www.frontlineonnet.com/stories/20120210290208900.htm

India is a country of mostly immigrants who came to the country over the past 10,000 years.

M. SATHYAMOORTHY

The original inhabitants of India, as it is believed now, were the pre-Dravidian tribal people such as the Bhils, the Santhals, the Gonds and the Todas. Called Adivasis or Scheduled Tribes, they form hardly 8 per cent of the population today. Here, Todas celebrating New Year near Udhagamandalam, or Ooty, on January 1.

This article is based on a speech delivered

to non-resident Indians in California

in June 2011.

WE are all Indians, but do we know what India is? I am presenting five theses for consideration.

(i) India is broadly a country of immigrants, like North America. Over 92 per cent of people living in India are not the original inhabitants of India. Their ancestors came from outside, mainly from the north-west.

(ii) Because India is a country of immigrants like North America, there is tremendous diversity in India – so many religions, castes, languages, ethnic groups, etc.

(iii) Despite the tremendous diversity in India, by the interaction and intermingling of these immigrants who came into India a common culture emerged in India, which can broadly be called the Sanskrit-Urdu culture.

(iv) Because of the tremendous diversity in India the only policy that can work and hold our country together is secularism and giving equal respect to all communities.

(v) India is passing through a transitional period, from a feudal agricultural society to a modern industrial society. This is a very painful and agonising period in history. If we read the history of Europe from the 17th to 19th centuries we find that this was a horrible period in Europe. Only after going through that fire, in which there were wars, revolutions, turmoil, intellectual ferment, chaos, social churning, etc., modern society emerged in Europe. India is at present going through that fire. We are going through a very painful and agonising period in our history, which I think will last for around another 20 years. I may now briefly discuss these theses.

(1) India is broadly a country of immigrants, like North America. The difference between North America and India is that while North America is a country of new immigrants, where people came mainly from Europe over the last 400 to 500 years, India is a country of old immigrants where people have been coming in for 10,000 years or so.

Why have people been coming to India? Very few people left India, except on two occasions, namely, (i) in the 19th century when under British rule poor Indian peasants were sent to Fiji, Mauritius, West Indies, etc., as plantation labourers, and (ii) the diaspora in the last 30-40 years or so of highly qualified engineers, scientists, doctors, etc. Apart from this, nobody left India, everybody came to India. Why?

The reason is obvious. People migrate from uncomfortable areas to comfortable areas, obviously because everybody wants comfort. Before the Industrial Revolution which started in Western Europe from the 18th century and then spread all over the world, there were agricultural societies everywhere. Agriculture requires level land, fertile soil, plenty of water for irrigation, etc. All this was in abundance in the Indian subcontinent from Rawalpindi to Bangladesh and to the deep south up to Kanyakumari. Why will anybody migrate from India to, say, Afghanistan which is cold, rocky and uncomfortable and covered with snow for four to five months a year? For an agricultural society India was really paradise, hence everybody kept rolling into India, mainly from the north-west and to a much lesser extent from the north-east.

Who were the original inhabitants of India? At one time it was believed that the Dravidians were the original inhabitants, but now that theory has been disproved. Now, it is believed that even the Dravidians came from outside. There is enough proof of that. For example, there is a Dravidian language called Brahui which is spoken in western Pakistan even today by about three million people. The original inhabitants of India, as it is believed now, were the pre-Dravidian tribal people, who are called Adivasis or Scheduled Tribes in India. For example, the Bhils, the Santhals, the Gonds, the Todas, etc., that is, the speakers of the Austric, pre-Dravidian languages, such as Munda and Gondvi. They form hardly 7 or 8 per cent of the Indian population today. They were pushed into the forests by the immigrants and treated badly. Except for them all of us are descendants of immigrants who came mainly from the north-west of India. (See in this connection the article 'Kalidas Ghalib Academy for Mutual Understanding' on the website kgfindia.com.)

(2) Because India is a country of immigrants there is tremendous diversity in India, so many religions, castes, languages, ethnic groups, etc. We may compare India with China. Our population is about 1,200 million while China has about 1,300 million and they have perhaps two and a half times our land area. However, there is broad (though not absolute) homogeneity in China. All Chinese have Mongoloid features, they have one common written script called Mandarin Chinese (although spoken dialects are different), and 95 per cent Chinese belong to one ethnic group called the Han Chinese. So there is broad homogeneity in China. In India, on the other hand, there is tremendous diversity, because whichever group of immigrants came into India brought in its own culture, religion, language, etc.

(3) Is India a nation at all, or is it just a group of hundreds of kinds of immigrants? Is there anything common in India? The answer is that the immigrants who came to India over the last 10,000 years or so, by their interaction and intermingling, created a common culture which can broadly be called the Sanskrit-Urdu culture, which is broadly the culture of India.

S. RAMBABU

THERE IS A mistaken notion that Sanskrit is a language of chanting mantras in temples or in religious ceremonies. However, such material accounts for only 5 per cent of Sanskrit literature, which deals with a whole range of subjects like philosophy, law, science (including mathematics, medicine and astronomy), grammar and phonetics. Here, a rare collection of 'copper plates' in Sanskrit, written in the Telugu script, at the Gowthami Regional Library, Rajamundry, Andhra Pradesh.

Now this has to be explained. How Tamilians are part of Sanskrit-Urdu culture, what the people of Nagaland have got to do with Sanskrit and Urdu, etc.

The answer is that we must first understand what Sanskrit is and what Urdu is. The reader may see in this connection my articles on the website kgfindia.com under the titles "What is Urdu", "Great injustice to Urdu in India", and "Sanskrit as a Language of Science". Both these languages have been misunderstood. People think that Sanskrit is a language for chanting mantras in temples or in religious ceremonies. However, that is only 5 per cent of Sanskrit literature. Ninety-five per cent of Sanskrit literature has nothing to do with religion. It deals with a whole range of subjects like philosophy, law, science (including mathematics, medicine and astronomy), grammar, phonetics and literature. Sanskrit was the language of people with an inquiring mind, who inquired about everything, and therefore there is a whole range of subjects which have been discussed in Sanskrit. In the paper "Sanskrit as a Language of Science", all this has been discussed in detail. I may, however, just mention two things: one is the contribution of Panini and the other is the contribution of the Nyaya Vaisheshik philosophy.

What we call Sanskrit today, and what is taught in schools and colleges, is Panini's Sanskrit, which is called classical Sanskrit or Laukik Sanskrit. But there were earlier Sanskrits. The earliest Sanskrit book is the Rig Veda, which was composed between 2000 and 1500 B.C. (it was subsequently passed on orally). Now, language changes with the passage of time. For instance, if we pick up a play of Shakespeare we will not be able to understand it without a good commentary because the English language has changed over these four and a half centuries since the time of Shakespeare. Many of the words and expressions which were in vogue in Shakespeare's time in English are not in vogue today. Similarly, the Sanskrit language kept changing for about 1,500 years, from 2000 B.C. until Panini, who is perhaps the greatest grammarian the world has seen, fixed the rules of Sanskrit in his book 'Ashtadhyayi' in the 5th century B.C. Thereafter no further changes in Sanskrit were permitted, except some slight changes made by two other grammarians – Katyayana, who wrote his book 'Vartika' about 100-200 years after Panini, and Patanjali, who wrote his book 'Mahabhashya' about 200 years after Katyayana. Except for these slight changes, what is taught in schools and colleges is Panini's Sanskrit.

Panini rationalised the crude Sanskrit prevailing in his time and meticulously systemised it so as to make it a powerful vehicle for profound and abstract ideas.

Science requires precision. Panini made Sanskrit a powerful language in which scientific ideas could be expressed with great precision and clarity, and it was made uniform all over India so that thinkers in one part of the subcontinent could interact easily with thinkers in another part. That was his great contribution.

Take, for example, the alphabet in the English language. The letters have been arranged in a haphazard manner. Why is B followed by C? Why is D followed by E? There is no reason why F comes after E, P is followed by Q, or Q is followed by R.

In Sanskrit, on the other hand, Panini arranged the alphabet in a scientific manner. For example, take the consonants. There is a sequence ka, kha, ga, gha, na (called the ' ka varga'). All these sounds come from the throat. Also, the second and the fourth consonants in this sequence are what are known as aspirants. An aspirant means a consonant in which 'ha' is added. The second and fourth consonants in every sequence (of five consonants) are aspirants.

The sounds in the second sequence of five consonants ('ca varga') ca, cha,ja,jha,ha, all come from the middle of the tongue. The sounds in the ta varga', ta, tha, da, dha, na, come from the roof of the mouth; the sounds in the sequence ta, tha, da,dha, na come from the tip of the tongue; the sounds in the sequence pa, pha, ba, bha, ma come from the lips.

We can see how scientifically these consonants are arranged. Thus, even in such a simple thing as the arrangement of letters in the alphabet a careful and scientific study was done.

The second contribution of Sanskrit to the development of rational and scientific thinking was the Nyaya Vaisheshik philosophy. There are six classical systems of Indian philosophy, Nyaya, Vaisheshik, Sankya, Yoga, Purva Mimansa and Uttara Mimansa, and three non-classical systems, Buddhist, Jainist and Charvaka. Out of these nine systems eight are atheistic as there is no place for God in them. Only Uttara Mimansa, which is also called Vedanta, has a place for God in it.

The Nyaya system says that nothing is acceptable unless it is in accordance with reason and experience, which is precisely the scientific approach. Vaisheshik was the physics of ancient times (the atomic or parmanu theory). Physics is a part of science, and hence at one time Vaisheshik was part of Nyaya philosophy. However, since physics is the most fundamental of all sciences, Vaisheshik was separated subsequently from Nyaya and made into a separate philosophy altogether.

It was the Nyaya Vaisheshik philosophy which provided the scientific background and gave great encouragement to our scientists to propound scientific theories. People in our country were not persecuted for being scientists, unlike in Europe where scientists were burnt at the stake, like Giordano Bruno, for propounding their scientific theories. Galileo was almost burnt at the stake; he escaped narrowly by recanting his views. As recently as in 1925, in America, a teacher, John Scopes, was criminally prosecuted in the famous (or infamous) monkey trial for teaching Darwin's theory of evolution because it went against the Bible. This never happened in our country because behind science was a scientific philosophy, that is the Nyaya Vaisheshik philosophy, which says that nothing is acceptable unless it is in accordance with reason and experience.

PANINI, WHO LIVED in the 5th century B.C., was perhaps the greatest grammarian the world has seen. In his book Ashtadhyayi he fixed the rules of Sanskrit. What is taught in schools and colleges today is Panini's Sanskrit, which is called classical Sanskrit. He made Sanskrit a powerful language in which scientific ideas could be expressed with great precision and clarity.

Before discussing the scientific achievements of our ancestors, it may be said that a lot of people claim that in ancient India there were atom bombs, guided missiles, etc. We make a laughing stock of ourselves by talking like this. Some people say that we had aeroplanes in ancient India, because in the Ramayana it is mentioned that Rama brought Sita back from Lanka on a Pushpak Vimana. They conclude from this that there were aeroplanes in ancient India. Everyone, including children, know that the first aeroplane was invented by the Wright brothers in America in 1903. So it is nonsense to say that we had aeroplanes in ancient India.

It is true that in the Ramayana there is mention of Pushpak Vimana. But what is the Ramayana? It is an epic poem. A poet has what is called poetic licence. That means he has the right to exaggerate. So we should not take the words in a poem literally. If there were aeroplanes in ancient India, then that means there were engines. Then why did ancient warriors fight on chariots, horses and elephants when they should have fought using tanks?

At one time we were leading the whole world in science and technology. I may give you a few illustrations. The ancient Romans, who built a very great civilisation, the civilisation of Caesar and Augustus, and were the cultural ancestors of the Europeans, felt very uncomfortable with numbers above 1,000. This is because they expressed their numbers in terms of letters of the alphabet. One was I, five was V, 10 was X, 50 was L, 100 was C, 500 was D and 1,000, or millennium, was M. There was nothing above M. So ancient Romans wrote 2,000 as MM, 3,000 as MMM, and so on. To write one million they had to write M a thousand times. On the other hand, our ancestors had invented the concept of zero.

You see these numbers, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, do not really exist; what exists is one table, two chairs, three men, etc. These have existence in the objective universe. One, two, three, four, have no existence in the objective universe, they are pure abstractions. And the concept of zero required a further flight of imagination, which the Europeans could never achieve. The Arabs borrowed it from us and the Europeans borrowed it from the Arabs. So we could express numbers in astronomical terms. For example, one thousand requires 1 with three zeros, add with two more zeros it becomes one lakh, add two more zeros it becomes one crore, two more zeros one Arab, two more zeros one Kharab, two more zeros one Padma, two more zeros one Neel, two more zeros one Shankh, two more zeros one Mahashankh, etc. Each one of these large numbers has names.

At one time, the numbers in the decimal system were called Arabic numerals by the Europeans, but the Arabs called them Hindu numerals. Are they Arab or Hindu numerals? Arabic, Persian and Urdu are written from right to left, but if you ask any writer of these languages to write any number randomly, say 253 or 1,045, he will write it from left to right. What does it indicate? It indicates that these numbers were taken from a language that was written from left to right, and now it is accepted that the decimal system was invented by Indians, who could conceive very high numbers unlike the Romans.

For example, it is believed that Kaliyuga, in which we are living, has 4,32,000 years according to the Vishnu Purana. The yuga (age) before Kaliyuga was Dwapara yuga, in which Krishna lived. That was twice as long as Kaliyuga, therefore it was of 8,64,000 years. Before that there was Treta yuga, in which Rama lived. It was thrice as long as Kaliyuga. And before that there was Satyuga, which was four times as long as Kaliyuga. One Kaliyuga + one Dwapara yuga + one Treta yuga + one Satyuga is known as one Chaturyugi, and one Chaturyugi is hence 10 times as long as one Kaliyuga (1+2+3+4=10). That means one Chaturyugi is 43,20,000 years long. Seventy-two Chaturyugis make one Manvantara. Fourteen Manvantaras make one Kalpa, and 12 Kalpas make one day of Brahma. Brahma is said to have lived for trillions of years.

When traditional Hindus do their sankalp every day they have to mention the particular day, the yuga, the Chaturyugi, the Manvantara and the Kalpa, and the date changes daily. For instance, it is believed that we are living in the Vaivaswsata Manvantara. It is believed that out of the 72 Chaturyugis, half have passed and we are in the second half of the Vaivaswsata Manvantara.

ALOKPRASAD AT EN.WIKIPEDIA

GREAT ADVANCES WERE made in medicine in India. Sushruta invented plastic surgery 2,000 years ago, long before the Westerners did it. Here, an image of Sushruta at Patanjali Yogpeeth, Haridwar.

We may not believe all this, but look at the flight of imagination of our ancestors. Similarly, in various fields of science, for instance in medicine, we made great advances. Sushruta did plastic surgery 2,000 years ago, but the Westerners invented it only 200 years back. Thus, Indians were far ahead of the Westerners in medicine. In astronomy, the calculations which were made 2,000 years ago are still the basis of predicting with great accuracy the day and time of a solar eclipse or a lunar eclipse by reading a ' patra'. These calculations were made 2,000 years ago by our ancestors, who did not have telescopes and modern instruments; by sheer observation with the naked eye and the power of intellect they predicted what was going to happen 2,000 years in the future. This was the scientific level we had reached in the past; we were far in advance of the Westerners in science and technology at that time. Today we are far behind them. What happened? Why did we not have an Industrial Revolution? Why did we lag behind? This is known as Needham's question or Needham's Grand Question, first posed by Prof. Joseph Needham, a brilliant professor of microbiology in Cambridge University, who was born in 1900. Needham posed this question: why did India and China, who were ahead of the whole world in science and technology at one time, later fall behind and did not have an Industrial Revolution? This question has been sought to be answered in various ways.

As I was saying, Sanskrit was the language of people with inquiring minds, and in that sense it is the language of everybody who has a rational approach, because the emphasis in Sanskrit is on reason.

Coming to Urdu, in my opinion the best poetry in modern India is in Urdu. I have read the poetry of many countries, including England, America, France, Germany and Russia, apart from reading some of the poetry of Indian languages – Tulsidas, Surdas, Kabir, etc., Tamil poetry, Bengali poetry, etc., – but there is no match to Urdu because the voice of the heart as expressed in Urdu poetry is, in my opinion, not expressed in any other language of the world.

There is a misconception that Urdu is the language of Muslims and of foreigners, which is a false propaganda made against Urdu after 1947.

Before 1947, all educated people in large parts of India studied Urdu. It was not the language of Muslims alone. It was the language of Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, everybody. But after Partition a deliberate propaganda was made by certain vested interests that Hindi is the language of Hindus and Urdu is a language of Muslims. This was done to make Hindus and Muslims fight each other (part of the divide and rule policy). A lot of effort was made to crush Urdu in India. But a language that expresses the voice of the heart cannot be crushed as long as people have hearts.

H. VIBHU

THE KALLINA KOTE in Chitradurga, Karnataka. It was built in parts by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan and encloses within its seven walls 18 temples, a mosque and several other structures.

Unlike Arabic and Persian, which are foreign languages, Urdu is an indigenous language and is loved by the people of India even today. If you go to a bookstall on a railway platform in India you will find a lot of poetry books of Mir, Ghalib, Firaq, etc., of course nowadays in Devanagari script. You will not find any book there of Mahadevi Verma or Sumitra Nandan Pant, the Hindi poets. Very few people read Hindi poetry, everybody reads Urdu poetry.

Urdu has a dual nature. It is a combination of two languages, that is, Hindustani and Persian, which is why it was at one time called Rekhta, which means hybrid. Since it is a combination of two languages, the question arises: is it a special kind of Persian or a special kind of Hindustani? The answer is that it is a special kind of Hindustani, not a special kind of Persian. Why? Because the verbs in Urdu are all in Hindustani. The language to which a sentence belongs is determined by the verbs used in it, not the nouns or adjectives. In Urdu, all the verbs are in simple Hindi (which is called Hindustani or Khadi Boli). For example, Ghalib says:

" dekho mujhe jo deeda-e-ibrat_nigaah ho

meree suno jo gosh-e-naseehat_niyosh hai"

The verbs ' dekho', ' suno', ' hai' are all simple Hindi, though the nouns or adjectives may be Persian or Arabic.

Urdu has a dual nature because it is a combination of Hindustani and Persian. Hindustani is the language of the common man, while Persian is the language of aristocrats.

Where did Persian come from? Persian is the language of Persia; how did it land up in India? To explain this it has to be noted that it often happens that the elite or upper class of a society speaks a foreign language. For instance, in India and Pakistan the elite speaks English. In Europe, up to the end of the 19th century the European aristocrats often spoke to each other in French, though they spoke to their servants in the native language. French was the language of the elite in large parts of Europe for many centuries.

TIPU SULTAN. IN their own interest every one of India's Muslim rulers fostered communal harmony. They gave grants to Hindu temples, they celebrated Hindu festivals. Tipu used to give annual grants to 156 temples; his Prime Minister was a Hindu, Purnaiya; and his commander-inchief was a Hindu, Krishna Rao. He even sent 30 respectful letters with grants to the Sankaracharya of Sringeri.

The elite wants to distinguish itself from the common people. In India, Persian was the language of the court and of the elite for centuries. Although Persian originated in Persia, it spread to much of South Asia. This was because Persian writers like Hafiz, Firdausi, Sadi, Rumi and Omar Khayyam developed Persian as a language of sophistication, culture, etiquette and dignity and that was adopted by large parts of South Asia, including India. It was the court language of India for several hundred years. Akbar's foreign minister, Todarmal, passed an order that all court records throughout the Mughal empire shall be maintained in Persian.

Urdu is the common man's language, ' awaam ki zubaan', because one part of it is Hindustani, the common man's language. It is also the aristocrats' language because another part of it is Persian, which was the aristocrat's language. The content of Urdu, that is, the feelings, emotions, etc. in it are of the common man. But the form, the style, the andaaz-e-bayaan is that of an aristocrat. That is what gives Urdu such great power.

Urdu places more reliance on emotion and Sanskrit more on reason. We require both for our country's progress. In Europe they had two great thinkers, Voltaire and Rousseau, Voltaire emphasising reason and Rousseau emphasising emotion. These two thinkers played a major role in the creation of modern Europe. Similarly, Urdu and Sanskrit complement each other, and in fact Sanskrit is the grandmother of Urdu because 70 per cent of the words in Urdu are from Sanskrit.

(4) Since there is so much diversity in India the only policy which will work is the policy of secularism and giving equal respect to all communities. Otherwise India will break up into a hundred pieces since there is so much diversity.

Two people can be said to be the creators of modern India. One is Emperor Akbar, and the other is Jawaharlal Nehru. There was no ruler in the world like Akbar, who was far ahead of his times. In the 16th century, Akbar proclaimed the doctrine of Suleh-e-kul, which means universal tolerance of all religions. At that time Europeans were massacring each other in the name of religion, Catholics massacring Protestants, Protestants massacring Catholics, and both massacring Jews. Similarly, in recent times religious passions were inflamed in 1947 and people behaved like animals, Hindus and Muslims butchering each other. Pakistan had declared itself an Islamic state. There must have been tremendous pressure at that time on Jawaharlal Nehru and his colleagues to declare India a Hindu state. It is their greatness that they kept a cool head and said that India would not be a Hindu state but will be a secular state and provided this in its Constitution. For this reason, today we have relatively more stability as compared to neighbouring countries.

THE HINDU ARCHIVES

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU, AND Emperor Akbar. These two can be said to be the creators of modern India.

The initial Muslim invaders who came to India, no doubt, broke a lot of Hindu temples, like Mahmud Ghazni who broke the Somnath temple. However, their descendants, who became local Muslim rulers in various parts of India, far from breaking temples gave grants to temples and celebrated Hindu festivals like Holi and Diwali. For instance, Babar was an invader but Akbar was not an invader; he was born in India and was very much an Indian. The descendants of those invaders, who became local Muslim rulers, ruled populations that were 80-90 per cent Hindu. If they broke temples there would be revolts and turmoil, which no ruler wants. So in their own interest, every one of the local Muslim rulers fostered communal harmony; they gave grants to Hindu temples, they celebrated Hindu festivals. For instance, the Nawab of Avadh used to organise Ramlila and celebrate Holi and Diwali. Tipu Sultan used to give annual grants to 156 Hindu temples, his Prime Minister was a Hindu called Purnaiya and his commander-in-chief was a Hindu, called Krishna Rao. Tipu Sultan sent 30 respectful letters with grants to the Sankaracharya of Sringeri (see online "History in the Service of Imperialism", which is a speech given by Prof. B.N. Pandey in the Upper House of Parliament in 1977).

Now, the first part, that Muslim invaders broke temples, has been mentioned in our history books, but the second part, which is of 10 times longer duration, that the descendants of these invaders, who were local rulers, used to foster communal harmony, gave land grants for building Hindu temples, celebrated and organised Hindu festivals, etc., has been deliberately suppressed by the British from our history books, the whole game being to divide and rule: Hindus and Muslims must be made to fight each other. If you go online and read the speech "History in the Service of Imperialism", you will know how the British policy was to make Hindus and Muslims inimical to each other. For instance, Pandey has mentioned that in 1928, when he was a Professor of History in Allahabad University, some students came to him with a book written by Professor Harprasad Shastri, Professor of Sanskrit in Calcutta University, in which it was mentioned that Tipu Sultan told 3,000 Brahmins to convert to Islam or otherwise they would be killed, and those 3,000 Brahmins committed suicide rather than become Muslims. On reading this, Prof. Pandey wrote to Professor Harprasad Shastri asking him the source of his information. Prof. Shastri wrote back that the source of information was the Mysore Gazetteer. Then Prof. Pandey wrote to Prof. Srikantia, Professor of History in Mysore University, asking him whether it was correct that the Mysore Gazetteer mentioned that Tipu Sultan had told 3,000 Brahmins to convert to Islam. Prof. Srikantia wrote back that this was totally false. He had worked in that field and there was no such mention in the Mysore Gazetteer; rather the correct version was just the reverse, namely, that Tipu Sultan used to give annual grants to 156 Hindu temples, he used to send grants to the Sankaracharya of Sringeri, etc.

Now, just imagine what mischief has been done. Our history books have been deliberately falsified so that the mind of a child at an impressionable age is poisoned so that he should start hating Muslims in India, and in Pakistan he should start hating Hindus. The poison put in the mind at an impressionable age is very difficult to remove at a later age. All our history books have been falsified in this manner.

It is time we rewrite our history books and show that in fact up to 1857 there was no communal problem at all in India. A composite culture had been developing in India. Hindus used to participate in Eid and Muharram celebrations, and Muslims used to participate in Holi, Diwali, etc. There were some differences no doubt, but they were becoming narrower.

In 1857, the great Mutiny took place. Hindus and Muslims jointly fought against the British. After suppressing that Mutiny it was decided by the British rulers that the only way to control this country was to divide and rule. In other words, Hindus and Muslims must be made to fight each other. Communal riots started after 1857. The English Collector would secretly call the Hindu Pandit and give him money to speak against Muslims, and similarly he would secretly call the Maulvi and give him some money to speak against Hindus. A racket was started in this way, and this resulted ultimately in Partition in 1947.

The time has come when we must see through this game. How long are we going to be taken for a ride? Are we fools that anybody can come and make fools out of us and make us fight each other?

About two months back, I read in the newspapers that there was some violence in Aligarh Muslim University, and the university had to be closed for some days. I thought it was a Hindu-Muslim issue, but some friends of mine from Aligarh came to Delhi and said it was not a Hindu-Muslim issue but it was Azamgarhi vs Biharis.

In Maharashtra, some people have projected a bhumiputra (son of the soil) theory. They say only Maharashtrians should be allowed to live in Maharashtra – south Indians, Uttar Pradeshis and Biharis should get out of Maharashtra. Such people do not realise that in that case they will also have to leave Maharashtra because they also are not bhumiputras. The bhumiputras form hardly 7 or 8 per cent of the people living in Maharashtra, that is, the Bhils and other Adivasis. This is a country of immigrants.

(5) India is passing through a transitional period, transition from a feudal agricultural society to a modern industrial society. We are at present neither totally feudal nor totally modern. We are somewhere in between.

The transition period is a very painful and agonising period in history. In my opinion, the duty of all patriotic people is to help in shortening this transition period, in reducing this pain, although we cannot totally eliminate it because there is going to be turmoil in this period since the vested interests of the old feudal order will not give up their vested interests without a fierce struggle. We have to spread rational and scientific ideas in this period and combat casteism, communalism and superstitions in order to get over the transition period faster and with less pain.

Here is where the role of the judiciary becomes very important. In northern India, in some States, such as Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, etc., (also in Pakistan), there is the phenomenon called 'honour killing'. If a girl falls in love with a boy of another caste or religion, or within the same village or in the same gotra, both are killed. This has been happening on a large scale in some areas, and sometimes it is organised by caste panchayats. The problem is that the Chief Ministers are often unwilling to interfere because the caste panchayats are the vote banks of politicians. In India, politics often runs on the caste or religious basis. Therefore, the Chief Minister does not want to annoy them. He would not interfere, and the District Magistrate and the Superintendent of Police, even though they know (through their intelligence agencies) that an honour killing is going to take place, would not interfere out of the fear that if they do the Chief Minister will get angry with them.

ARUNANGSU ROY CHOWDHURY

SINCE THERE IS so much diversity in India, the only policy that will work is the policy of secularism and giving equal respect to all communities.

But a judge is not dependent on anyone's votes, and that makes him strong; in fact, it makes him more democratic than the so-called democratic bodies because he is not worried about votes. The Supreme Court, therefore, passed the order that those who do honour killing will be given mandatory death sentence, and the District Magistrate and the Superintendent of Police of that area must be immediately placed under suspension. This was a strong judgment, after which 'honour killing' has declined considerably. This could not have been done by politicians because they are dependent on the votes of these people. So, here is where the judiciary becomes very important.

It is true that in India there is rampant corruption and this is a matter of shame. Here is where the judiciary is playing a little role. Recently the Supreme Court passed strong orders in the 2G scam case. The result was that one Cabinet Minister was removed, and he is in jail; one Member of Parliament, the daughter of a former Chief Minister, was in jail; and other steps were also being taken.

However, judges cannot solve all problems. Ultimately, it is the people themselves who have to solve their problems.

I will conclude with one couplet of Faiz Ahmed Faiz, whose centenary we celebrated in 2011. The greatest Urdu poet ever was of course Ghalib, but in the 20th century the greatest poet in my opinion was Faiz, and I would like to quote from his famous poem:

" Gulon mein rang bhare baad-e-naubahaar chale

Chale bhi aao ke gulshan ka kaarobaar chale"

What does this mean? Urdu poetry often has an outer, superficial meaning and an inner, real meaning. The outer and literal meaning of the couplet is:

"In the flowers the colourful breeze of the new spring is blowing

come forward, so that the garden can function".

However, the inner meaning is that the objective situation in the country is ripe, which invites the patriotic people now to come forward to serve the country. The word "gulshan" literally means "garden", but here it means the country. So it is a call to the people of the country to come forward since our country is in difficulty and you are required now to help it.

Justice Markandey Katju is Chairman, Press Council of India.

REORGANISATION OF STATES Geography Lesson Revised It won’t be such a bad thing—smaller states. Language-based units have run their course. It’s time to factor in economic, social, cultural realities. SUGATA SRINIVASARAJU

2012-01-29T07:18:00.001-08:00

REUTERS (FROM OUTLOOK, FEBRUARY 06, 2012)

United colors of India Will a richer palette really ruin the rainbow?

REORGANISATION OF STATES

Geography Lesson Revised

It won't be such a bad thing—smaller states. Language-based units have run their course. It's time to factor in economic, social, cultural realities.

SUGATA SRINIVASARAJU

http://outlookindia.com/article.aspx?279691

Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, in the run-up to the reorganisation of Indian states in 1956, had said that "small states will have small minds". In a volatile post-Partition milieu, he had become acutely apprehensive about smaller states being created essentially on the linguistic principle. He feared it would lead to balkanisation and the final implosion of the idea of India. "First things should come first," he had insisted and that meant the unity and integrity of the new nation. But around the same time, for the same reasons of federal unity, B.R. Ambedkar had advanced his thoughts on linguism as an organising principle. He had warned: "One state, one language (and not one language, one state) is the rule. Wherever there has been a departure to this rule there has been a danger to the state.... India cannot escape this fate if it continues to be a congeries of mixed states."


	"Languages, unlike a mobile or a tablet, are things that last. They make a poor, overworked, under-appreciated people whole."Mrinal Pande Writer

In 2012, 56 years after the very first round of the reorganisation of states, we seem to have a different 'thali' of questions before us. We seem to have arrived at the crossroads on one of the basic features of our federal structure. Federal unity is no longer a serious concern like in the '50s and '60s, but with a spate of demands for new states coming up from practically every corner of India at different intervals and with varying intensity, and that too from within states once seen as linguistic and cultural wholes, one wonders if we have slowly begun to move away from the idea of the linguistic state. Has the nation begun to transact with far more pragmatic parameters like development, economic growth, demographic size and administrative convenience, instead of mere emotion? Ever since the creation of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand in 2000 and now, in November 2011, with the resolution passed for a four-way split of Uttar Pradesh, haven't smaller states become the buzzword? Should we become a nation of 50 states and eight union territories (see imaginary map) in the next few decades from the existing 28 states and seven Union territories? Is it time we constituted a second States Reorganisation Commission (src)?

It appears that there is a general recognition of a drift away from linguistic states and a simultaneous investment of faith in smaller states. Two recent incidents offer an insight. A few weeks back, the Kannada media reported that when a delegation of Marathi-speaking people from the 'disputed' border district of Belgaum met Raj Thackeray, he reportedly told the delegation to learn to live in Karnataka. Similarly, Rahul Gandhi's taunt during his UP poll campaign that people from the state should stop 'begging' in Maharashtra was largely an invitation to envisage an economically vibrant state, for which the answer may lie in Mayawati's idea of splitting it up into four.

Language of grievance The agitation for Vidarbha

The growth rates of smaller states in the last five years too have looked encouraging. Haryana and Himachal Pradesh have done well. The growth rate of a reorganised Bihar has been an impressive 11 per cent over the last five years. Uttarakhand has also posted impressive figures compared to its estranged 'parent state', UP.


	"The Tamils won't opt for a reversion or revision. It is best not to wake up a sleeping animal."

In this context of new demands and reasoning, many have felt that it would make eminent sense to constitute a second src. Senior journalist B.G. Verghese says that instead of reorganising the states in an untidy and piecemeal fashion, a new src would take a long-term view. "There is nothing wrong," he says, "in envisaging India at 2040-50 with a population of around 1,600 million organised in 60 states, with an average population of 25 million each, and some 1,500 districts." He also suggests that the terms of reference for the second src should not be political, but rather "techno-economic-administrative". More states will not destabilise us, but agitation and alienation of the sort we see in Telangana will, he argues. To go with smaller states and new administrative boundaries, the setting up of natural resource regions, river basin authorities and zonal coordination committees that hold routine meetings become important. "If zonal panels as suggested by the first src were functional, then problems like the Mullaperiyar dam or Cauvery or Belgaum would have been sorted out very differently," feels Verghese.

Historian Ramachandra Guha is equally enthusiastic about smaller states and the setting up of a second src. India, he says, now faces a second generation of challenges, and these pertain to regional imbalances in social and economic development. A new src would look dispassionately into the demands for Vidarbha, Gorkhaland, Harit Pradesh (western UP), Kongu Nadu (western Tamil Nadu) etc. Smaller states alone would not do, the emphasis should also be on granting real financial and political autonomy to panchayats and municipalities, he adds.

Addressing the question on who should be assigned the responsibility of redrawing the map of India's states, Guha goes a step ahead and suggests that the new src should draw its members not from political parties, but from the law, academia and the social sector. Pointing out that members of the first src were the jurist Fazl Ali; author and diplomat K.M. Panikkar and social worker H.N. Kunzru, who were all non-partisan and widely respected, he says that the members of the new src should be people like jurist Fali S. Nariman, economist Jean Dreze, sociologist Andre Beteille and social worker Ela Bhatt.

However, Marxist historian K.N. Panikkar, even as he concedes that there is a case for smaller states for effective administration and equitable distribution of natural resources, feels that there is no need for a second src as such. He fears that it would open up a Pandora's box. Panikkar is more for blurring the boundaries between states. "The border should cease to be of any consequence for the people," he says. "Internal migration and economic linkages should dissolve the existing boundaries between states, even when they maintain cultural identity and administrative distinction."

The agitation for Gorkhaland. (Photograph by Reuters, From Outlook, February 06, 2012)

The reorganisation argument becomes further nuanced when bureaucrat and India's former ambassador to unesco, Chiranjiv Singh, puts forward a cultural rationale in place of the familiar administrative or economic one. "Whatever demands we see for new states may not be on linguistic lines, but there is an underlying cultural reasoning. Be it Telangana, Vidarbha or the four divisions of UP and Mithila, they are all cultural units. Also, don't underestimate culturally distinct North Karnataka's resentment over Old Mysore," he says. Linguistically, too, these regions vary to a large extent. Braj, Avadhi or Maithili may have been reduced to dialects in the popular imagination, but they are anything but that. Surdas wrote in Braj Bhasha and Tulsidas wrote in Avadhi. So, Singh's argument that the new src should recognise these cultural zones appears to be perfectly in place.


	"What happened in Assam, beginning with the creation of Nagaland in '63, is not a linguistic but a political reorganisation."M.S. Prabhakara Writer

Singh further argues that it can't be assumed that administratively smaller units will spur economic growth. They are not linked to each other, he asserts, offering a few examples: "Assam may grow tea, but the market is in Calcutta and Amritsar. Similarly, Amritsar is the largest producer of nose rings and, needless to say, people in the region don't wear them. Haveri in Karnataka does not grow cardamom, but it is the market for the spice. This proves that economic linkages don't respect administrative boundaries. Therefore, it is better that we reorganise on cultural lines. That will also rest easy on the collective memory of the people," he concludes.

The question of src and the redrawing of the map aside, what has led to the decline of the linguistic state—at least as an exclusive logic? If one were to extrapolate the historical arguments of anthropologist Lisa Mitchell in her book, Language, Emotion and Politics in South India, language as an object of emotion or its personification in India, more specifically the South, was only a late 19th-century creation. But within half a century of the creation of the language-emotion nexus, Potti Sriramulu gave up his life for Telugu and Andhra in December 1952, and soon after, since 1964, Tamil Nadu witnessed a number of self-immolation incidents for the Tamil cause. Earlier, till the 1890s, there were no specifically demarcated domains for any language; there was only a multilingual milieu. How and why this creation happened is an interesting historical process, says Mitchell. Going by this, we could logically assume that language-based emotion may have run its course in a hundred years.

United on division The Telangana demand is based on cultural/economic reasoning

Writer-translator Kalyan Raman points out other factors that may have come to dominate the emotive linguistic field. He says the economic liberalisation in 1991 initiated three trends: inter-state mobility of unskilled workers, especially from impoverished regions to more prosperous states or cities; competition among the states for domestic and foreign investment; increased territorial claims over resources due to pressures of economic development. He points out the dichotomy of the present-day linguistic state thus: "On the one hand, as economic units, linguistic states are depending less on the community's cultural identity for economic mobilisation to spur growth. On the other hand, cultural/linguistic identity is pressed into service for confrontational politics, whenever required. But the original raison d'etre for linguistic states—of community integration on social and economic planes—seems to have gone past its expiry date. I would say that linguistic states have morphed into something else, and that something else, because it is based on economic clout and political power, may be hard to dismantle."


	"Now, economic growth, cultural-linguistic-social identities, accountable administrative structure will be bases for reorganisation."Asha Sarangi JNU

The hegemony of the standard version of state language over dialects and other minority languages also may have caused immense damage and dissipation of interest in linguistic states. For instance, when Karnataka celebrated 50 years of its existence in 2006, it only celebrated Kannada and forgot that Konkani, Tulu, Byary and Kodava were the state's allied languages. Also, the backwards and Dalits, who were seen as guardians of local tongues, have moved on to experience the economically liberating energies of English.

Finally, it is important to point out that our very worldview as a nation seems to have undergone a sea change. We no longer imagine or define ourselves as living in villages, the so-called repositories of culture, but have made cities the nucleus of our being. In some ways, the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (jnnurm) programme of the Union government is a metaphor for this transformation. Reporting some of the findings of the People's Linguistic Survey of India, linguist G.N. Devy pointed out recently that Maharashtra is Marathi-speaking, but Mumbai linguistically needs to be seen as a 'national city' rather than a state capital. Ditto would be the results for Bangalore, Hyderabad and Chennai.

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REORGANISATION OF STATES

India Redrawn

This is the map one is likely to get should a second reorganisation of Indian states were to be effected. It won't depend only on language.

OUTLOOK

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AUTHORS:  SUGATA SRINIVASARAJU
TAGS:  NEW STATES | IDEA OF INDIA
SECTION:  NATIONAL
PLACES:  INDIA

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HAVE YOUR SAY

1/D-82 JAN 28, 2012 02:53 PM	I think the southern states esp TN and AP is most caste ridden. So they must be split up on caste basis. None too complicated. the Forward castes are heavily discriminated against. So there can be a separate state for the FCs of TN and AP probably Vizag to Madras. The rest can belong to so called Backward Castes who are the real powerful and forward castes of the south SRI MADRAS, INDIA PERMALINK \| LIKE (2) \| DISLIKE (6) \| REPORT ABUSE
2/D-83 JAN 28, 2012 02:57 PM	By creating such a state there will be a 100% reservation for both parties and will pave the way of ridding caste based thinking in our societies which is a must to progress. If this happens only the real poor will get be able to get reservation and the current system where the rich people of the Backward castes are consistently getting benefits rather unfairly.this needs to change. SRI MADRAS, INDIA PERMALINK \| LIKE (1) \| DISLIKE (4) \| REPORT ABUSE
3/D-3 JAN 29, 2012 12:19 AM	Indian Nationalists always worry about current linguistic states of India which is akin to Africa - Multiple Nations within the Subcontinent. They always dreamed about breaking the states into smaller entities to destroy the regional nationalism growing in different parts of India which they will fear will cause India to break into multiple nations in Future. Now Outlook has given their dreams into a "Vision for Future". It's "Redrawing Indian States" want to Split larger states into small ones. Tamilnadu will be split into 3 parts. And says the split should not be done politically...Wow..What a Right wing social Engineering USA has larger states than India & still they clamor for more states rights & less federal power; Even Presidential candidates support it Indian Nationalists are afraid that India might break into pieces; So they want to break it themselves before it becomes like Africa Tamil Nationalism in Tamilnadu is more stronger NOW than in the 1990s due to the indifferent attitude of the Indian Gov. Tamils will Never allow it...NEVER a breakup of TN As the article says "The Tamils won't opt for a revision. It is best not to wake up a sleeping animal"...Exactly... SASIKUMAR CHENNAI, INDIA PERMALINK \| LIKE (0) \| DISLIKE (1) \| REPORT ABUSE
4/D-41 JAN 29, 2012 01:57 PM	Chennai should have never been part of TN, it was a telugu speaking place in the first place. SRI MADRAS, INDIA PERMALINK \| LIKE (0) \| DISLIKE (1) \| REPORT ABUSE


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REORGANISATION OF STATES India Redrawn This is the map one is likely to get should a second reorganisation of Indian states were to be effected. It won’t depend only on language. OUTLOOK

2012-01-29T07:17:00.001-08:00

REORGANISATION OF STATES

India Redrawn

This is the map one is likely to get should a second reorganisation of Indian states were to be effected. It won't depend only on language.

OUTLOOK

http://outlookindia.com/article.aspx?279690

Linguistic States: A 20th-Century Timeline

Dec 1903: Linguistic principle for organising India's provinces figures for first time in Sir Herbert Risley's letter to the Bengal government. Sir Herbert is home secretary at this point.

1905: Partition of Bengal takes place

1917: Dr Annie Besant strongly opposes linguistic organisation of provinces at the Calcutta session

1920: Congress adopts linguistic redistribution of provinces at the Nagpur session

1927: Congress adopts a resolution supporting creation of linguistic states

1928: Motilal Nehru Committee supports redistribution along linguistic lines

1945-46: Congress election manifesto promises provinces will be constituted on linguistic and cultural lines

Nov 1947: Prime Minister Nehru concedes the linguistic principle, but says security and stability of India important

1948: Linguistic provinces commission set up

Aug-Sept, 1951: G. Sitaramaiah fasts for creation of Andhra state

Dec 15, 1952: Potti Sriramulu dies while fasting for the creation of Andhra. The state is carved out of Madras Presidency only a year later.

Dec 1953: States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) is set up

1955: Nehru sends S.G. Barve to the former USSR for understanding the language policy as a state reconstruction programme

Jul 1955: SRC report submitted—14 states and 9 union territories recommended.

Aug 1956: SRC recommendations implemented

1960: Gujarat and Maharashtra come into being

1960-61: Sant Fateh Singh and Master Tara Singh undertake fast unto death for the creation of a Punjab state

1963-64: Language riots in Tamil Nadu

1963: Nagaland takes shape

1966: Haryana and Punjab created 1970-80: Other Northeastern states carved out

1992: Goa created

2000: Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttarakhand emerge as independent entities.

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REORGANISATION OF STATES

Geography Lesson Revised

It won't be such a bad thing—smaller states. Language-based units have run their course. It's time to factor in economic, social, cultural realities.

SUGATA SRINIVASARAJU

FILED IN:
AUTHORS:  OUTLOOK
TAGS:  NEW STATES | MAPS | IDEA OF INDIA | LANGUAGES
SECTION:  NATIONAL
PLACES:  INDIA

Cops crack down on Dalits to break police station siege

2012-01-29T07:13:00.001-08:00

Dalits Media Watch

NewsUpdates28.01.12

Cops crack down on Dalits to break police station siege- Indian Express

http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cops-crack-down-on-dalits-to-break-police-station-siege/904910/

Sleeping dalits in Sanand lathi-charged- DNA

http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_sleeping-dalits-in-sanand-lathi-charged_1642955

Indian Express

Cops crack down on Dalits to break police station siege

http://www.indianexpress.com/news/cops-crack-down-on-dalits-to-break-police-station-siege/904910/

After various rounds of failed meetings with the Dalit agitators that lasted more than 15 hours on Wednesday, the Ahmedabad district police resorted cracked down on the crowd camping at the Sanand police station at the dawn of Republic Day on Thursday.

The police have also lodged FIR against six of them, who were part of the group of Dalit villagers from Rethal camping at the police station with the body of 25-year-old youth, Atul Rathod, who was killed in an attack by a group of people belonging to a different community in the village.

The protesters were demanding immediate arrest of the main accused, identified as Yuvrajsinh Dodiya. After the crackdown on the protesters, however, the police arrested Dodiya.

At 3:30 am on Thursday, hundreds of policemen cordoned off the police station and dragged the villagers out of there. The body was sent to VS hospital in Ahmedabad.

Ahmedabad Range Inspector General G S Malik said the police had to use force since the agitators would not listen to them or the district collector. He, however, said none were injured in the crackdown.

Later, the villagers collected Rathod's body from the hospital and cremated him in the village amid police deployment.

On Tuesday night, six Dalits were allegedly attacked by Dodiya and his friends in which Rathod died.

Dodiya was reportedly furious after Dalits in the village filed four FIRs against him under the Atrocity Act, alleging he had been beating them up over petty issues.

DNA

Sleeping dalits in Sanand lathi-charged

http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_sleeping-dalits-in-sanand-lathi-charged_1642955

Baba Ramdev was not there. Nor was it the Ramlila Maidan of Delhi. But lathis were used - on the dalits of Sanand, who had experienced a similar fate when they were lathi-charged post midnight earlier this week, and the corpse which was placed in the police station to agitate against the ineffective cops, was seized.

The body was of Atul Rathod, a resident of Rethal village of Sanand Taluka. The police failed to act against the people allegedly responsible for his murder, which happened after a scuffle between the dalits and the Rajputs of the village on January 24. This led to anger and resentment among the people, and subsequent protest.

Several dalits were injured in the fracas and many were too scared to take part in the protest. The police lathi-charge was conducted at 3 am, in a grim irony, on Republic Day, when the country was gearing up to celebrate the biggest festival of democracy.

"We don't feel like citizens of this country anymore. How can we be when we are denied justice, and do not have the right to agitate?" Kamla Makwana, a dalit woman leader told DNA.

Describing the incident, Makwana said that the police swooped down on them and started beating them and took custody of the dead body. "They dispatched the corpse to the morgue of the Civil Hospital in an ambulance, which remained there till Republic day noon," she said.

"The body was later given back on the condition that it be immediately cremated, which we did," Atul Rathod, a relative of the victim said. The cremation was done in the afternoon.

"The lathi-charge was conducted when the agitators were asleep, rendering them helpless," Kantilal, a dalit leader told DNA. "It killed the agitation, and all of us were forced to return home," he added.

--
.Arun Khote
On behalf of
Dalits Media Watch Team
(An initiative of "Peoples Media Advocacy & Resource Centre-PMARC")
...................................................................
Peoples Media Advocacy & Resource Centre- PMARC has been initiated with the support from group of senior journalists, social activists, academics and intellectuals from Dalit and civil society to advocate and facilitate Dalits issues in the mainstream media. To create proper & adequate space with the Dalit perspective in the mainstream media national/ International on Dalit issues is primary objective of the PMARC.

OUR SIGNATURES CAN BE MISUSED THANKS TO MCI-BOG

2012-01-29T07:10:00.001-08:00

OUR SIGNATURES CAN BE MISUSED THANKS TO MCI-BOG

AIMDDA HAS SERIOUS CONCERNS REGARDING REVEALING OUR SIGNATURES, PHOTOS ON LINE

MCI HAS PUT OUR Medical council of India annual declaration forms for 2011 online, with our signatures as a scanned pdf document attached to our bio data ,along with sensitive personal data which could be possibly misused thanks to the thoughtless ness of MCI and its board of governors

ALL INDIA MD /MS/DNB DOCTORS ASSOCIATION HAS SERIOUS CONCERNS REGARDING REVEALING OUR SIGNATURES, PHOTOS ON LINE ON WWW.MCIINDIA.ORG APART FROM OUR PANCARD DETAILS WHICH WE WANT TO PROTEST VEHEMENTLY

Blatant infringement of teachers rights and personal details by none other than a mindless MCI and its thoughtless staff – has brought us, medical teachers to the stark reality that

Our signatures are now available online

All college principal's dean's signature samples are visible on line

ALL SIGNATURES –NEARLY 30000 OR MORE are available for forgery

Our photo and address is available for forgerers and counterfeiters, imitators and in these days of online fraud it can be dangerous

These frauds – will be due to negligence of board of governors of MCI India, who will also be liable for financial implications, losses if any, due to such misbehavior of misusing our data and revealing our signatures to national and international forgers.

Any one and every doctor's and medical teachers' signature is available on line

We want to ask our members if we can put case on concerned persons to protect our personal identities as revealing so many details including our specimen signatures could lead to financial frauds,

Any one can forge our signatures and commit financial frauds thanks to thoughtless action of medical council of India

WE HERERBY ASK THE VARIOUS MCI OFFICERS AND HEALTH MINISTRY TO TAKE NOTE OF THE MEDICAL COUNCIL MISBEHAVIOUR AND MISCHIEF OF REVEALING MEDICAL TEACHERS AND DEANS SIGNATURES AND PUTTING TO FINANCIAL JEOPARDY THE FAMILIES OF MORE THAN 30000 DOCTORS –MEDICAL TEACHERS WHO ARE REGISTERED WITH MCI AND THE INDIAN HEALTH MINISTRY

WE ASK THE HEALTH MINISTRY TO TAKE STRICT ACTION ON THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS IRRESPONSIBLE BEHAVIOUR OF MEDICAL COUNCIL OF INDIA

Please protest else all our financial interests will be sabotaged by such brainless actions

ALL INDIA MD/MS/DNB DOCTORS ASSOCIATION.Regd.
Registered association of doctors,Bangalore
OFFICE:65-1,C/O DR KL NAIK,NELLIPADAVU HOUSE,UJIRE ,BELTHANGADY TQ,SOUTH CANARA,KARNATAKA,INDIA 575240.
WEBSITE www.aimdda.blogspot.com,www.community.eldis.org/aimdda,www.knol.google.com/k/aim-dda -FOR MEMBERLIST OF ALL INDIA MD/MS/DNB DOCTORS ASSOCIATION,A TRADE UNION OF INDIAN DOCTORS.You can respond at these email id's,and post your valuable views in the interest of medical education in India-as a national service to

mdbiochemists@yahoogroups.com,patho-india@yahoogroups.com,eGovINDIA@yahoogroups.com,nationalrtiforum@yahoogroups.com

We also network at these following websites-in the cause of medical education
www.aimdda.blogspot.com,www.community.eldis.org/aimdda,www.knol.google.com/k/aim-dda ,www.gopetition.com/online/32861.html,www.createdebate.com/user/points/aimdda, www.petitionspot.com/profile/4810791/aimdda, www.gopetition.com/online/32861/signatures.html,www.aimdda.blog.co.in, www.gopetition.co.uk/petition-campaigns/Health/,www.allindiamdmsdnbdoctorsasociation.tripod.com/, www.bloglines.com/blog/aimdda

Contact Us : for membership/clarifications/networking/affiliation/projects /certification based on examinations

Dr. P Vallyamma
Founder President All India MD/MS Doctors Association
Professor & HOD Biochemistry
Periyaram Medical College,Periyaram,Kerala.India
Email:aimddoctorsassociation@yahoo.com

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Professor & HOD Biochemistry
Mamata Medical College Khammam.Andhrapradesh.
Email:mvbkar123@yahoo.com

Dr Mahesh Taru
Joint Secretary,AIMDDA
Associate Professor in Anatomy
Calicut,Kerala.

Dr K.I King
Professor in Physiology
Executive Commitee Member
Calicut/bangalore

Dr. Srinivas R Deshpande MD Founder secretary
Professor & HOD Biochemistry
Malabar Medical college hospital and research centre,Modakkallur,Calicut,Kerala
Email: srinivasrdeshpande@yahoo.com

Dr. Narendra.MS(Gen surg) MCh(Oncosurgery)
Consultant oncosurgeon
Kasturba Medical College,Manipal.Karnataka

Dr Jeevan Kumar Shetty.MD Biochemistry
Treasurer,AIMDDA and Associate Professor Biochemistry Dept,
Kasturba Medical College,Manipal,Karnataka

Dr Kaustav kumar Bairagi MD
Associate professor in Forensic Medicine
Tagore Medical College
Chennai,Tamil Nadu

Fwd: [Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti] BHOPAL, Madhya Pradesh High Court Verdict ~...

2012-01-29T07:04:00.001-08:00

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti <notification+kr4marbae4mn@facebookmail.com>
Date: Sun, Jan 29, 2012 at 2:00 PM
Subject: [Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti] BHOPAL, Madhya Pradesh High Court Verdict ~...
To: Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti <314436415255944@groups.facebook.com>

Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti posted in Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti.

Mulnivasi Adhikar Samiti

2:00pm Jan 29

BHOPAL, Madhya Pradesh High Court Verdict ~ "Geeta Is Neither A Religious Book Nor A Religious Scripture." it's a Terrorist Ideological Training Manual. it humiliates every women and SC/ST AND OBC by calling them PAPI. it calls for the oppression of Women, SC/ST AND OBC. "BAN IT NOW"

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